Computational design of flow fields for vanadium redox flow batteries via topology optimization

Chen, Chih-Hsiang; Yaji, Kentaro; Yamasaki, Shintaro; Tsushima, Shohji; Fujita, Kikuo

doi:10.1016/j.est.2019.100990

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Behrou et al [106] presented a density-based approach for the design of proton exchange membrane fuel cells using a depth-averaged two-dimensional approximation of reactive porous media flow. Chen et al [107] extended their previous work [104] to three-dimensional problems. Dugast et al [108] used a level set method and the LBM to maximise the reaction in a square reactor and investigated the problem for a range of flow situations.…”

Section: Species Transportmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For species transport, there are four papers [93,98,105,107]. For conjugate heat transfer, there are eight in forced convection [110,117,119,122,126,129,132,135] and six in natural convection [150,151,[153][154][155]160].…”

Section: Three-dimensional Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important for the community to focus on large scale three-dimensional problems. While 31% of papers treat three-dimensional problems, many of these suffer from either: being very small in the third dimension [107,122]; having severely restricted design freedom in the third dimension [164,168,172,173]; and using very coarse discretisations [14,23,46,56,132,150]. Truly three-dimensional problems inherently carry a large computational cost with them, and this is discussed in a number of papers, where high performance parallel computing [15,25,33,55,76,82,126,129,151,153,160], graphics processing units [119,173] and adaptive meshes [61] have been proposed as solutions.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is very common in the included papers to treat two-dimensional academic problems. However, some works directly approximate a three-dimensional plane problem, with a small thickness, using a two-dimensional simplification, either stated explicitly [43,64,67,68,106,112,116,134,140,142,143,149] or implicitly [50,67,87,102,107]. Out of these, only three papers [106,140,143] include the viscous resistance from the friction due to the out-of-plane viscous boundary layers.…”

Section: D Simplification Of 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Topology Optimisation for Fluid-Based Problems

Alexandersen

Andreasen

2020

Fluids

186

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This review paper provides an overview of the literature for topology optimisation of fluid-based problems, starting with the seminal works on the subject and ending with a snapshot of the state of the art of this rapidly developing field. “Fluid-based problems” are defined as problems where at least one governing equation for fluid flow is solved and the fluid–solid interface is optimised. In addition to fluid flow, any number of additional physics can be solved, such as species transport, heat transfer and mechanics. The review covers 186 papers from 2003 up to and including January 2020, which are sorted into five main groups: pure fluid flow; species transport; conjugate heat transfer; fluid–structure interaction; microstructure and porous media. Each paper is very briefly introduced in chronological order of publication. A quantititive analysis is presented with statistics covering the development of the field and presenting the distribution over subgroups. Recommendations for focus areas of future research are made based on the extensive literature review, the quantitative analysis, as well as the authors’ personal experience and opinions. Since the vast majority of papers treat steady-state laminar pure fluid flow, with no recent major advancements, it is recommended that future research focuses on more complex problems, e.g., transient and turbulent flow.

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Section: Species Transportmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Three-dimensional Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Three-dimensional Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D Simplification Of 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Topology Optimisation for Fluid-Based Problems

Alexandersen

Andreasen

2020

Fluids

186

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“…The critical feature in their method is the introduction of a fictitious body force term, which can discriminate fluid and solid at points in the design domain, according to each design variable value. Their method was extended for Navier-Stokes equations (Gersborg-Hansen et al 2005;Olesen et al 2006), and design problems of fluidic devices, such as microreactors (Okkels and Bruus 2007), micromixers (Andreasen et al 2009;Deng et al 2018), Tesla valves (Lin et al 2015;Sato et al 2017), and flow batteries (Yaji et al 2018b;Chen et al 2019). The thermal-fluid problems that have been studied include forced convection problems (Matsumori et al 2013;Koga et al 2013;Yaji et al 2015), natural convection problems (Alexandersen et al 2014;Coffin and Maute 2016), and large-scale three-dimensional problems involving cluster computing (Alexandersen et al 2016;Yaji et al 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology design of two-fluid heat exchange

Kobayashi

Yaji

Yamasaki

et al. 2020

Struct Multidisc Optim

Self Cite

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Heat exchangers are devices that typically transfer heat between two fluids. The performance of a heat exchanger such as heat transfer rate and pressure loss strongly depends on the flow regime in the heat transfer system. In this paper, we present a density-based topology optimization method for a two-fluid heat exchange system, which achieves a maximum heat transfer rate under fixed pressure loss. We propose a representation model accounting for three states, i.e., two fluids and a solid wall between the two fluids, by using a single design variable field. The key aspect of the proposed model is that mixing of the two fluids can be essentially prevented. This is because the solid constantly exists between the two fluids due to the use of the single design variable field. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through three-dimensional numerical examples in which an optimized design is compared with a simple reference design, and the effects of design conditions (i.e., Reynolds number, Prandtl number, design domain size, and flow arrangements) are investigated.

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Hierarchically Structured Components: Design, Additive Manufacture, and Their Energy Applications

Wang

Xuan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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term solutions are urgently needed before adequate supply of the renewable energy. [1,2] Improvement of efficiency in the energy production and consumption processes is a key factor to address these problems. Meanwhile, the large reaction rate is a key factor to meet the industrial energy requirements. [1][2][3][4][5] Mass transport intensification is an effective method to improve the efficiency and reaction rate in the adsorptions, chemical reactions, and electrochemical reactions, which plays crucial roles in the gas (H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 , etc.) storage, [6,7] energy conversion, [8] and energy storage. [3,9,10] Recently, novel batteries [2,3,[11][12][13] and microreactors [8,[14][15][16][17][18] for the gas (H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 , etc.) storage [6,7] and energy conversion [8] have been developed to meet the requirements of high efficiency and rates. In these devices, the mass transport intensification is particularly important to acquire the high selectivity, large reaction rate, great conversion efficiency. [2,8,19,20] The mass transfer steps in the monolithic adsorbents, structured catalysts, and shaped electrodes are similar. Therefore, it is possible to use an identical term to describe the monolithic adsorbents, structured catalysts, and shaped electrodes for convenience to discuss the mass transfer processes. Herein, we use the hierarchically structured components (HSCs) to describe the structures which are comprised of designed channels and matrix between channels, where the matrix is made from functional materials (ceramics, carbon, metals, etc.) with pores in the size from nanometer to sub-millimeters, as illustrated in Figure 1a. In the flow batteries and fuel cells, the assembly of bipolar plate and electrode is regarded as HSC.Generally, the reactants undergo four steps (distribution, adsorption, acceleration, and reaction) in the HSC, as shown in Figure 1b-e. The distribution starts as soon as the reactant flows into the inlet. In this step, the reactant is distributed across the HSC through the designed channels, as shown in Figure 1b. [21,22] Subsequently the fluid is adsorbed by the macropores (>50 nm) which act as buffers for the reactants in the matrix, shown in Figure 1c. [23] As shown in Figure 1d,e, the reactants are accelerated by the mesopores (2-50 nm) and transferred to the micropores (<2 nm) which provide high surface area for the active sites. [23][24][25] After reaction at the active sites, the products are transferred by the mesopores and macropores to the outlet, successively. [26,27] Therefore, the Pursuing high energy efficiency and reaction rate is an effective direction in mitigating the energy and climate crisis. Mass transfer intensification is a powerful approach to enhance the energy efficiency and reaction rate in the energy conversion and storage processes. The nature-inspired channels are outstanding tools to uniformly distribute the reactants, fast remove products, and reduce the diffusion distance for mass transfer intensification in monolithic adsorbents, structured catal...

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Computational design of flow fields for vanadium redox flow batteries via topology optimization

Cited by 54 publications

References 69 publications

A Review of Topology Optimisation for Fluid-Based Problems

A Review of Topology Optimisation for Fluid-Based Problems

Topology design of two-fluid heat exchange

Hierarchically Structured Components: Design, Additive Manufacture, and Their Energy Applications

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