Computational and Split-Hopkinson Pressure-Bar studies on the effect of the jacket during penetration of an AK47 bullet into ceramic armour

Brown, LB; Hazell, Paul J.; Crouch, I.G.; Escobedo, J. P.; Brown, A.D.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.01.062

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This method allows the researcher to obtain critical data of equivalent plastic strain and triaxility, which allows for a more precise calibration of the J-C model. Brown et al [18] presented new J-C parameters for the AK47 steel core by SHPB compression testing. Effects of strain-rate and temperature for the titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) were investigated by Seo [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of Q345B steel material over wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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In the present study, the stress-strain relationships of Q345B steel with the coupling effect of temperature and strain rate were primarily investigated. First, the quasi-static tensile test and dynamic impact compression test were performed using the 810 material test system and the split Hopkinson pressure bar device, respectively, at temperatures ranging from 25 to 700 °C and the strain rate ranging from 0.001 to 4000 s −1. Second, thermal and strain-rate effects on the mechanical behavior of Q345B steel material steel were studied. It was reported that Q345B steel can be significantly softened with temperatures and hardened with strain rates. Finally, a modified Johnson-Cook (J-C) model was developed to describe the nonlinear mechanical behavior of Q345B steel material over a wide range of strain rates and temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of Q345B steel material over wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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“…Further studies of the copper jacket effect on projectiles have confirmed this behaviour, revealing that projectiles protected by a jacket consistently penetrate up to 10% deeper into steel targets compared to those without a jacket, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear [8]. The combination of a copper jacket and a cap covering the steel core achieved a small positive effect when aluminium targets were perforated using 7.62 mm APM2 bullets, with performance assessed by measuring the residual velocity [9,10] The effect of the jacket has also been assessed during the penetration of ceramic armour by AK47 bullets, using ANSYS Autodyn® simulations [11]. The authors found that the jacket significantly reduced the extent of radial deformation by the steel core, confining it and thus improving penetration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the importance of the bullet jacket during the penetration process: Reversed-ballistic experimental and numerical study

et al. 2020

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The behaviour of exposed and copper-jacketed 12.7 mm En8 steel cores impacting against 5 and 9 mm Armox Advance plates was investigated to determine the significance of the jacket during the penetration. The target plates were accelerated into stationary projectiles (a reversed-ballistic configuration) and the impact was monitored using a multi-channel flash X-ray system to gain insight into the interaction of the core target. Numerical simulations were also carried out to compare result with the experimental testing. Explicit numerical software LSDYNA was used to model the behaviour of the target and the projectile during the impact collision. Fragments of the core and target plate were collected post-shot for analysis. A similar penetration behaviour was observed for both plates, although the post-shot core was shorter after impacting against the 9 mm plate, consistent with enhanced erosion behaviour. The copper jacket protected the core, resulting in greater surface defeat and dwell compared to the unjacketed core. Numerical studies agreed on the cases of projectile impacting the 5 mm and 9 mm target. However, the target fracture cannot be captured. This could be caused by the input of material data and strain rate parameter modelling in LS-DYNA was limited, while the impact phenomenon was high velocity impact that the material exhibits a high-strain rate effect. Overall, the ductile jacket appeared to serve two functions: (1) absorbing reflected energy during impact, hence cushioning the impact and thereby preserving the core, and (2) constraining or confining the core. In this study, the steel core design and copper jacket has a more complex geometry compared to the simplified steel core designs often applied in several earlier ballistic studies.The captured flash X-rays revealed significantly less erosion in the jacketed cores, agreeing with the post-impact core length measurements.

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“…Plentiful experimental and numerical studies have been reported on the dynamic deformation and failure mechanisms in various length scales in different ceramics [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments and subsequent analysis of measured strain waves have been investigated to accurately determine bulk dynamic stress-strain responses of ceramic materials [6,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inelastic deformation micromechanism and modified fragmentation model for silicon carbide under dynamic compression

Wang

Song

2018

Materials & Design

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The underlying micromechanism remains to be clarified for the bulk inelastic behaviour of specific ceramics under impact loads. In this study, the silicon carbide materials were subjected to the split-Hopkinson pressure bar compression in which the strain rate was not constant but increased to the dynamic level at high stresses. The inelastic deformation occurs in the high strain rate stage in compression, followed by the final transgranular fracture. The post-test fragments were examined in both the SEM and high resolution TEM. It was found that macroscopic inelastic behaviour is dominated by the dislocation motion and the localised amorphisation that arise at high strain rates. The damage and thus the degraded modulus in the dynamic inelastic deformation were incorporated to modify a dynamic fragmentation model to evaluate the fragment size as a function of strain rates. The modified model more accurately predicts the size of fragments produced at high strain rates.

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Computational and Split-Hopkinson Pressure-Bar studies on the effect of the jacket during penetration of an AK47 bullet into ceramic armour

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of Q345B steel material over wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of Q345B steel material over wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

On the importance of the bullet jacket during the penetration process: Reversed-ballistic experimental and numerical study

Inelastic deformation micromechanism and modified fragmentation model for silicon carbide under dynamic compression

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