Computation of Two-Dimensional, Viscous Nozzle Flow

Cline, M. C.

doi:10.2514/3.61365

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…We have not been able to find in the literature a similar approach to the simulation of the free jet flow behind a supersonic nozzle. The available simulations for viscous gas concern either the flow inside the nozzle (Cline 1976;Kim 1994;Gokhale & Suresh 1997) or the free jet flow with a prescribed distribution of the parameters in the nozzle exit section (Maté et al 2001). The simulations of similar flows in the framework of a CFD-DSMC approach (Boyd et al 1994;Chung et al 1995), which are better suited to the regions with translational non-equilibrium effects, require much more computational resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fluid-dynamic models that have been applied to describe the flow of the type considered here can be divided into two groups: continuum and particle models. Continuum fluid-dynamic (CFD) models include those based on Euler's equations (De Benedictis et al 1999b), the parabolized Navier-Stokes equations (Korte 1992;Skovorodko 1997) or the full set of Navier-Stokes equations (Cline 1976;Kim 1994;Gokhale & Suresh 1997). Since the applicability of the continuum description of the flow is limited to low values of the local Knudsen number (Boyd et al 1992;Bird 1994;Boyd, Chen & Candler 1995) an alternative stochastic particle model based on the direct simulation of the flow at the molecular level by the Monte Carlo method (DSMC) (Bird 1994) has been applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical investigation of an O $_{2}$ NO supersonic free jet expansion

et al. 2004

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Cold O 2 /NO supersonic expansions through an axisymmetric convergent-divergent nozzle into a low-pressure background gas have been investigated both experimentally and numerically. Temperature and density measurements have been carried out, using tracer NO in an O 2 main flow. NO two-dimensional rotational temperature and density flow field patterns in the jet behind the nozzle have been measured by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). The spectroscopic investigations are complemented by static and impact pressure measurements along the jet centreline. Two nozzles with the same inner profile but with a short and long divergent section and small and large lip have been examined. Three experiments performed using these nozzles cover a wide range of regimes of underexpanded free jet flow, from highly oscillating multi-cycle structure to the regime with smooth deceleration of the issuing flow by the background gas. The numerical simulation of the whole flow field from the conditions in the stagnation chamber to those in the flooded space is performed in the framework of the full set of Navier-Stokes equations by employing a recently developed algorithm based on a staggered grid. The flow inside a long nozzle is shown to be strongly affected by the boundary layer, which leads to the degeneration of the isentropic core at the nozzle exit and transforms the jet regime from overexpanded for inviscid flow to underexpanded for a real flow. The model reproduces the experimental structures of the low-density free jet flow fairly well.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigation of an O $_{2}$ NO supersonic free jet expansion

et al. 2004

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“…Results obtained by the current method are compared with the VNAP code for the calculation of compressible, viscous, internal¯ows. 2 Whereas the existing code requires 0Á1 ms per grid per iteration, VNAP takes 0Á075 ms per grid per iteration on a DEC Alpha workstation. The existing code performs the viscosity calculation every iteration, whereas VNAP assumes the viscosity to be constant, which can explain partially the time discrepancy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time-marching MacCormack two-step method is used to solve the Navier±Stokes equations. 2 This scheme is attractive because it is simple and does not require computations involving complicated matrix algebra. In addition, these methods could be easily modi®ed for hardware-related parallel or vector codes or for complicated physical processes such as reactive chemistry or multiphase¯ows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical computations of internal flows for axisymmetric and two‐dimensional nozzles

Gokhale¹,

Suresh²

1997

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids

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SUMMARYMacCormack's explicit time-marching scheme is used to solve the full Navier±Stokes unsteady, compressible equations for internal¯ows. The requirement of a very ®ne grid to capture shock as well as separated¯ows is circumvented by employing grid clustering. The numerical scheme is applied for axisymmetric as well as twodimensional¯ows. Numerical predictions are compared with experimental data and the qualitative as well as the quantitative agreement is found to be quite satisfactory.

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Numerical computations of internal flows for axisymmetric and two-dimensional nozzles

Gokhale

Suresh

1997

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids

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MacCormack's explicit time‐marching scheme is used to solve the full Navier–Stokes unsteady, compressible equations for internal flows. The requirement of a very fine grid to capture shock as well as separated flows is circumvented by employing grid clustering. The numerical scheme is applied for axisymmetric as well as two‐dimensional flows. Numerical predictions are compared with experimental data and the qualitative as well as the quantitative agreement is found to be quite satisfactory. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Computation of Two-Dimensional, Viscous Nozzle Flow

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Experimental and numerical investigation of an O $_{2}$ NO supersonic free jet expansion

Experimental and numerical investigation of an O $_{2}$ NO supersonic free jet expansion

Numerical computations of internal flows for axisymmetric and two‐dimensional nozzles

Numerical computations of internal flows for axisymmetric and two-dimensional nozzles

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