Computation of axonal elongation in head trauma finite element simulation

Chatelin, Simon; Deck, Caroline; Renard, Félix; Kremer, Stéphane; Heinrich, Christian; Armspach, Jean‐Paul; Willinger, Rémy

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.06.007

Cited by 78 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These results were consistent with our previous DTI and tractography report in subacute TBI patients [Yeh et al, 2014] that revealed subcortical superior-inferiorly oriented tracts were particularly vulnerable to blast injury, as well as other reports of chronic changes in mTBI, either military personnel [Mac Donald et al, 2011] or civilian populations [Inglese et al, 2005;Kraus et al, 2007;Lipton et al, 2009]. The anatomical locations of low FA using tract specific analysis and tract profile analysis in this study are also consistent with the results from using mechanical simulation and finite element analysis of brain exposure to blasts, showing that the highest level of axonal shear/ strain effects developed in the regions of corpus callosum and corona radiata [Chatelin et al, 2011] in mTBI model. Secondary brain injury and repair mechanisms such as chronic inflammation and hypermetabolism may sensitize the brain to the subsequent injury [Calabrese et al, 2014], leading to axonal repair, reactive gliosis [Glushakova et al, 2014;Johnson et al, 2013;Kiraly and Kiraly, 2007] or irreversible axonal damage [Gupta and Przekwas, 2013].…”

Section: Group Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Compromised Neurocircuitry in Chronic Blast‐Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Yeh

Koay

Wang

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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The aim of this study was to apply recently developed automated fiber segmentation and quantification methods using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and DTI-based deterministic and probabilistic tractography to access local and global diffusion changes in blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (bmTBI). Two hundred and two (202) male active US service members who reported persistent post-concussion symptoms for more than 6 months after injury were recruited. An additional forty (40) male military controls were included for comparison. DTI results were examined in relation to post-concussion and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. No significant group difference in DTI metrics was found using voxel-wise analysis. However, group comparison using tract profile analysis and tract specific analysis, as well as single subject analysis using tract profile analysis revealed the most prominent white matter microstructural injury in chronic bmTBI patients over the frontal fiber tracts, that is, the front-limbic projection fibers (cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus), the fronto-parieto-temporal association fibers (superior longitudinal fasciculus), and the fronto-striatal pathways (anterior thalamic radiation). Effects were noted to be sensitive to the number of previous blast exposures, with a negative association between fractional anisotropy (FA) and time since most severe blast exposure in a subset of the multiple blast-exposed group. However, these patterns were not observed in the subgroups classified using macrostructural changes (T2 white matter hyperintensities). Moreover, post-concussion symptoms and PTSD symptoms, as well as neuropsychological function were associated with low FA in the major nodes of compromised neurocircuitry. Hum Brain Mapp 38:352-369, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Group Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Compromised Neurocircuitry in Chronic Blast‐Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Yeh

Koay

Wang

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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“…25 Here, we extended previous work that used average orientations on coarse elements 18,20,21,27 or voxels 22 to analyze accumulated peak fiber strain, e p n , along the entire lengths of fibers using whole-brain tractography. Each fiber was represented by high resolution (1 mm) sampling points, improving on the native DTI voxel resolution (2 mm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To address this inconsistency, recent studies have begun to use strains along WM fibers to characterize elongation of axonal bundles (termed ''axonal'' or ''fiber'' strain, e n ). 11,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Initial evidence suggests that fiber orientation-dependent e n improves injury prediction relative to its isotropic counterpart, e ep :…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason is that tractography potentially allows more accurate estimation of fiber orientations at each individual high resolution sampling point (e.g., every 1 mm along fibers or ''streamlines'') than those ''averaged'' at coarse FE elements or voxels (e.g., element size up to 7.73 mm, 26 or DTI voxel size of 2 mm ·2 mm ·3.6 mm 27 ). For example, Chatelin and associates 18 used weighted directions averaged from 70-4096 DTI voxels for each element. Both Cloots and coworkers 17 and Wright and Ramesh 19 employed a multiscale approach to couple a macroscale three dimensional (3D) or two dimensional (2D) head model, respectively, with a microscale element embedding a single axon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White Matter Injury Susceptibility via Fiber Strain Evaluation Using Whole-Brain Tractography

Zhao

Ford

Flashman

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Microscale brain injury studies suggest axonal elongation as a potential mechanism for diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Recent studies have begun to incorporate white matter (WM) structural anisotropy in injury analysis, with initial evidence suggesting improved injury prediction performance. In this study, we further develop a tractography-based approach to analyze fiber strains along the entire lengths of fibers from voxel-or anatomically constrained whole-brain tractography. This technique potentially extends previous element-or voxel-based methods that instead utilize WM fiber orientations averaged from typically coarse elements or voxels. Perhaps more importantly, incorporating tractography-based axonal structural information enables assessment of the overall injury risks to functionally important neural pathways and the anatomical regions they connect, which is not possible with previous methods. A DAI susceptibility index was also established to quantify voxel-wise WM local structural integrity and tract-wise damage of individual neural pathways. This ''graded'' injury susceptibility potentially extends the commonly employed treatment of injury as a simple binary condition. As an illustration, we evaluate the DAI susceptibilities of WM voxels and transcallosal fiber tracts in three idealized head impacts. Findings suggest the potential importance of the tractography-based approach for injury prediction. These efforts may enable future studies to correlate WM mechanical responses with neuroimaging, cognitive alteration, and concussion, and to reveal the relative vulnerabilities of neural pathways and identify the most vulnerable ones in real-world head impacts.

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“…A possible explanation is that in most of the currently used head models, anisotropic mechanical behavior of brain tissue is not included, even though experimental studies have concluded that neural tissue behaves clearly anisotropically in some regions of the brain (e.g., Margulies 1998, 1999;Prange and Margulies 2002;Nicolle et al 2005;Ning et al 2006;Hrapko et al 2008). In line with this, recent studies have been performed that take the axonal orientation into account leading to tissue strains in the axonal direction (Chatelin et al 2011;Wright and Ramesh 2012). Nevertheless, even if tissue strains could be predicted accurately by head models, the link to real injury is still not straightforward, as several studies concerning TBI have shown that tissue strains lead to injury at a cellular level (e.g., Bain et al 2001;Engel et al 2005;Floyd et al 2005;Morrison III et al 2006;Cater et al 2006;, whereby the microstructural heterogeneities at the cellular level are of influence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-scale mechanics of traumatic brain injury: predicting axonal strains from head loads

Cloots

Dommelen

Kleiven

et al. 2012

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

112

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The length scales involved in the development of diffuse axonal injury typically range from the head level (i.e., mechanical loading) to the cellular level. The parts of the brain that are vulnerable to this type of injury are mainly the brainstem and the corpus callosum, which are regions with highly anisotropically oriented axons. Within these parts, discrete axonal injuries occur mainly where the axons have to deviate from their main course due to the presence of an inclusion. The aim of this study is to predict axonal strains as a result of a mechanical load at the macroscopic head level. For this, a multi-scale finite element approach is adopted, in which a macro-level head model and a micro-level critical volume element are coupled. The results show that the axonal strains cannot be trivially correlated to the tissue strain without taking into account the axonal orientations, which indicates that the heterogeneities at the cellular level play an important role in brain injury and reliable predictions thereof. In addition to the multi-scale approach, it is shown that a novel anisotropic equivalent strain measure can be used to assess these micro-scale effects from head-level simulations only.

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Computation of axonal elongation in head trauma finite element simulation

Cited by 78 publications

References 32 publications

Compromised Neurocircuitry in Chronic Blast‐Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Compromised Neurocircuitry in Chronic Blast‐Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

White Matter Injury Susceptibility via Fiber Strain Evaluation Using Whole-Brain Tractography

Multi-scale mechanics of traumatic brain injury: predicting axonal strains from head loads

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