Compulsão alimentar em mulheres: padrão do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e qualidade da alimentação

Abstract

Introduction: Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) present a comorbidity with alcohol consumption disorders due to the similarity between the symptoms of these conditions such as lack of self-control, impulsiveness and increase in self-destructive behavior. The ingestion of alcoholic beverages directly affects the diet because the greater the amount of alcohol consumed, the lower the density and nutritional quality of the diet. Objective: To identify the pattern of alcohol consumption and the quality of diet in women with binge eating disorders. Method: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative study with a quantitative approach carried out with adult women with diagnoses of BN or BED, monitored in four specialized services in the state of São Paulo. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data was collected (weight and height to calculate the body mass index-BMI; waist circumference-WC), the alcoholic beverage consumption pattern through the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), food compulsion symptoms by the Binge Eating Scale (BES) and food intake by the 24-hour Diet Quality Index calculation -Revised. The data was analyzed in a descriptive way by the SPSS version 21.0 program. To verify the association between the categorical variables, the Pearson's Chi-square tests or Fisher's exact test were used and values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Results: The study was composed of 50 women with binge eating disorders, young adults (35.0±12.0 years), no partner (n=34; 68%), employed (n=31; 60%) and with complete high school (n=29; 58%). They were overweight (BMI: 31.27± 9.70kg/m2) and had very high cardiovascular risk (WC: 91.50±20.5cm). It was evident that 29 participants (38%) presented problematic consumption of alcoholic beverages associated with lower food quality and low vegetable consumption when compared to women who do not drink alcoholic beverages. Conclusion: The problematic consumption of alcoholic beverages in women with binge eating disorders is of concern since they are in mental health treatment and this may impair the quality of their diet. The early detection and treatment of alcoholic beverage consumption in people with eating disorders are fundamental prevention and rehabilitation strategies to minimize the consequences of this practice, favoring the prognosis of these serious diseases.