Compressor Fouling in Gas Turbines Offshore: Composition and Sources From Site Data

Brekke, Olaf; Bakken, Lars E.; Syverud, Elisabet

doi:10.1115/gt2009-59203

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Fouling due to increased roughness can partially be restored by washing the compressor, while a component replacement is often needed for tip clearances. In the paper Brekke et al (2009), compressor fouling in two different off-shore gas turbine applications is investigated. The fouling analysis showed that a considerable amount of contaminants appeared at the compressor inlet, at the inlet guide vanes, and at the first rotor stage of the compressor.…”

Section: Gas Turbine Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model Based Diagnosis and Supervision of Industrial Gas Turbines

Larsson¹

2014

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Supervision of performance in gas turbine applications is important in order to achieve: (i) reliable operations, (ii) low heat stress in components, (iii) low fuel consumption, and (iv) efficient overhaul and maintenance. To obtain good diagnosis performance it is important to have tests which are based on models with high accuracy. A main contribution of the thesis is a systematic design procedure to construct a fault detection and isolation (FDI) system which is based on complex nonlinear models. These models are preliminary used for simulation and performance evaluations. Thus, is it possible to use these models also in the FDI-system and which model parts are necessary to consider in the test design? To fulfill the requirement of an automated design procedure, a thermodynamic gas turbine package GTLib is developed. Using the GTLib framework, a gas turbine diagnosis model is constructed where component deterioration is introduced. In the design of the test quantities, equations from the developed diagnosis models are carefully selected. These equations are then used to implement a Constant Gain Extended Kalman filter (CGEKF) based test quantity. The number of equations and variables which the test quantity is based on is significantly reduced compared to the original reference model. The test quantity is used in the FDI-system to supervise the performance and the turbine inlet temperature which is used in the controller. An evaluation is performed using experimental data from a gas turbine site. The case study shows that the designed FDI-system can be used when the decision about a compressor wash is taken. When the FDI-system is augmented with more test quantities it is possible to diagnose sensor and actuator faults at the same time the performance is supervised. Slow varying sensor and actuator bias faults are difficult diagnose since they appear in a similar manner as the performance deterioration, but the FDI-system has the ability to detect these faults. Finally, the proposed model based design procedure can be considered when an FDI-system of an industrial gas turbine is constructed.iii Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Diagnostik och prestandaövervakning förekommer inom många industriella applikationer. Detta område är viktigt att beakta för att: (i) upprätthålla hög tillförlitlighet, (ii) undvika onödig belastning på komponenter, (iii) minimera energiförbrukningen, och (iv) effektivt kunna planera underhåll. Eftersom prestandan i en applikation oftast inte är direkt mätbar behövs metoder för att kunna skatta dessa prestandaparametrar utifrån kända mätsignaler. Detta kan vara svårt eftersom: (i) sambandet mellan mätsig-naler och prestandaparametrar kan vara komplicerat, (ii) mätsignaler innehåller brus, och (iii) mätsignaler kan vara opålitliga och visa ett felaktigt värde. Dessa aspekter bör beaktas när ett diagnos-och övervakningssystem utvecklas. Eftersom många system är komplexa kan det vara nödvändigt att ha effektiva och automatiserade metoder för att skatta prestanda och bestämma diag...

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Section: Gas Turbine Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fouling due to increased roughness can partially be restored by washing the compressor, while a component replacement is often needed for tip clearances. In the last paper, performed by Brekke et al (2009), deterioration effects due to compressor fouling are investigated in an offshore industrial gas turbine application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Based Diagnosis and Supervision of Industrial Gas Turbines

Larsson¹

2014

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“…In Ref. [5], an offshore gas turbine application study is presented where different deterioration effects leads to compressor fouling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Monitoring in an Industrial Gas Turbine Application by Using Model Based Diagnosis Techniques

Larsson

slund

Frisk

et al. 2011

Volume 3: Controls, Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Education; Electric Power; Microturbines and Small Turbomachinery; Solar B

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Monitoring of an industrial gas turbine is important since it gives valuable information for the customer about maintenance, performance and process health. The objective of the paper is to develop a monitoring system for an industrial gas turbine application with a model based diagnosis approach. A constant gain extended Kalman observer is developed. The observer compensates for different ambient conditions such as pressure, temperature and relative humidity, due to the amount of water in the atmosphere. The developed observer, extended with seven health parameters, is automatically constructed from the diagnosis model. These health parameters shall capture deviations in some of the gas path performance parameters such as efficiency, mass flow, turbine inlet area and head loss. The constructed observer is evaluated through a simulation study where the ambient conditions are changed. The considered observer capture the change in different ambient conditions nearly perfect. An observer that does not compensate for different ambient conditions gives an error for about 1–2% for the considered health parameters for the given test case. The constructed observer is also evaluated on measurement data from a mechanical drive site. A degradation in efficiency and mass flow for the compressor due to fouling can be seen in the estimations. After the compressor wash is performed, the degradations for the compressor are partially restored by about 2% which can be seen in the considered health parameters.

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“…More recently, Syverud et al [212] and Brekke et al [213] showed the compressor deposits due to salt ingestion for two gas turbines installed in offshore platforms. Syverud et al [212] reported the location of salt deposits in a General Electric J85-13 axial compressor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The salt deposits were generated by Fig. 23 (a) deposits on the leading edge of a first-stage rotor blade and (b) deposits on the inlet guide vanes [213] larger ones (1.00-1.50) lm determine the highest amounts of deposits on the leading edge of the compressor airfoil. The same analyses were conducted for a transonic rotor [216,217] and subsonic rotor [218].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compressor Fouling Review Based on an Historical Survey of ASME Turbo Expo Papers

Suman

Morini

Aldi

et al. 2017

Journal of Turbomachinery

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Fouling afflicts gas turbine operation from first time application. Filtration systems and washing operations work against air contaminants in order to limit the particles entering the compressor inlet and remove the existing deposits. In this work, a global overview of the operational experience of the manufacturer, the filtration systems, and the particle deposition of the compressor are reported. The data reported in this review have been collected from 60 years (1956–2015) of ASME Turbo Expo proceedings. This conference is recognized as the must-attend event for turbomachinery professionals. Through the years, many issues have been resolved by the contributions of this conference. Regarding the compressor fouling phenomenon, the contributions presented at the ASME Turbo Expo mark the high level of development in this field of research, thanks to the simultaneous presence of manufacturers, government, and academia attendees. The goal of the authors is to describe the technological evolution and challenges faced by manufacturers and researchers through the years, highlighting the state of the art in the knowledge of fouling, and defining the background on which further studies will be based.

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Compressor Fouling in Gas Turbines Offshore: Composition and Sources From Site Data

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Model Based Diagnosis and Supervision of Industrial Gas Turbines

Model Based Diagnosis and Supervision of Industrial Gas Turbines

Health Monitoring in an Industrial Gas Turbine Application by Using Model Based Diagnosis Techniques

A Compressor Fouling Review Based on an Historical Survey of ASME Turbo Expo Papers

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