“…Numerous studies report that low-velocity impact or low-energy impact events, such as tool-drop, runway stones, hailstone and tire blowout debris, may produce an indentation that is invisible or barely visible. These impact events may cause significant internal damage in the structure, including matrix cracking, fiber breakage, facesheet debonding and delamination, and core crushing, etc [1,2], which may lead to a substantial decrease of the load bearing capability of the structure [3].…”