Compressive strength and diametral tensile strength of some calcium-orthophosphate cements: a pilot study

Bermúdez, O.; Boltong, M. G.; Driessens, F. C. M.; Planell, J. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00122197

Cited by 49 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Ultimate strengths measured in tension and compression in this study are significantly higher than those measured by Bermudez et al 7 on various calcium phosphate cements. However, because the experimental conditions were not rigorously identical, it would be risky to draw conclusions from this comparison.…”

Section: General Remarks On the Testscontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…They tested 26 cement formulations in diametral and uni-axial compression and found ultimate strengths largely lower than those presented in the literature, the stronger cement withstanding 2.8 and 12 MPa in tension and compression, respectively. 7 This statement shows that comparisons are difficult, because conditions and sample preparation are not necessarily identical in different studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical characterization of brushite cements: A Mohr circles' approach

Pittet

Lemaître

2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Dry and wet brushite cements with various solid/liquid ratios were tested in compression and tension. Two different testing techniques were used to determine tensile strength: Direct Tensile test (DT) and Diametral Compression test (DC) (Brazilian test), which is an indirect way of measuring tensile strength on brittle materials. Statistical analysis of the results obtained on dry cements points out a constant ratio between the values measured by DT and Brazilian tests (DC/DT = 85%). The Mohr's circles representation allows us to understand that, for a material like our cement, ultimate stress measured with the Brazilian test can only underestimate tensile strength, because the compressive/tensile strength ratio is lower than 8. The second consequence of this low ratio is that, in the Brazilian test, the plane along which fracture initiates undergoes not only a normal tensile stress, but also a tangential stress component. Thus, the state of stress on the fracture plane differs from the one taking place in the direct tensile test. Consequently, with such a material (sigma(c)/sigma(t) < 8), the Brazilian test does not estimate the true tensile strength.

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Section: General Remarks On the Testscontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characterization of brushite cements: A Mohr circles' approach

Pittet

Lemaître

2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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“…For example, an appropriate cohesion was achieved when no disintegration of the cement paste was observed in the fluid [134,270]. This can be accomplished by keeping a high viscosity for the cement paste [22] or using cohesion promoters (e.g., 1 % aqueous solution of sodium alginate [176,272,273] and other chemicals [176,[274][275][276]). Some calcium orthophosphate cements fulfill both criteria, e.g., Norian SRS ® , but others fulfill only one or even none of these requirements.…”

Section: Rheological Properties Of the Self-setting Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Dorozhkin¹

2012

IJMC

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In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are a bioactive and biodegradable grafting material in the form of a powder and a liquid. Both phases after mixing form a viscous paste that after being implanted sets and hardens within the body as either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) or brushite, sometimes blended with un-reacted particles and other phases. As both CDHA and brushite are remarkably biocompartible and bioresorbable (therefore, in vivo they can be replaced with a newly forming bone), self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements represent a good correction technique of non-weight-bearing bone fractures or defects and appear to be very promising materials for bone grafting applications. Besides, these cements possess an excellent osteoconductivity, molding capabilities, and easy manipulation. Nearly perfect adaptation to the tissue surfaces in bone defects and a gradual bioresorption followed by new bone formation are additional distinctive advantages of calcium orthophosphate cements. Besides, reinforced formulations are available; those are described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. Furthermore, formulations with high viscosity, such as pastes and putties are also known. The discovery of self-setting formulations has opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates; several commercial compositions have already been introduced as a result. Many more formulations are in experimental stages. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent biomaterials suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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“…[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] The CPCs investigated in this study are of the CDHA type and are designed for high biodegradability. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] In vitro model systems using osteogenic cell cultures are valuable tools for the initial assessment of biological reactions to candidate implant materials. [45][46][47] They also reduce the number of in vivo studies, if applied for screening new biomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of calcium phosphates and experimental calcium phosphate bone cements using osteogenic cultures

Knabe

Driessens²,

Planell

et al. 2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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In this study, rat bone marrow cells (RBM) were used to evaluate two biodegradable calcium phosphate bone cements and bioactive calcium phosphate ceramics. The substances investigated were: two novel calcium phosphate cements, Biocement F and Biocement H, tricalcium phosphate (TCP), surface-modified alpha-tricalcium phosphate [TCP (s)] and a rapid resorbable calcium phosphate ceramic consisting of CaKPO(4) (sample code R5). RBM cells were cultured on disc-shaped test substrates for 14 days. The culture medium was changed daily and also examined for calcium, phosphate, and potassium concentrations. Specimens were evaluated using light microscopy, and morphometry of the cell-covered substrate surface, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis and morphometry of the cell-covered substrate surface. Areas of mineralization were identified by tetracyline labeling. Except for R 5, rat bone-marrow cells attached and grew on all substrate surfaces. Of the different calcium phosphate materials tested, TCP and TCP (s) facilitated osteoblast growth and extracellular matrix elaboration to the highest degree, followed by Biocements H and F. The inhibition of cell growth encountered with R 5 seems to be related to its high phosphate and potassium ion release.

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Compressive strength and diametral tensile strength of some calcium-orthophosphate cements: a pilot study

Cited by 49 publications

References 6 publications

Mechanical characterization of brushite cements: A Mohr circles' approach

Mechanical characterization of brushite cements: A Mohr circles' approach

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Evaluation of calcium phosphates and experimental calcium phosphate bone cements using osteogenic cultures

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