“…Furthermore, the compressive strength of a 3D RF material in the through‐the‐thickness (TTT) direction is weaker than that in the in‐plane (IP) direction, as demonstrated in compression experiments, and increases with increasing strain rate; on the other hand, the elastic modulus of a 3D RF material is not sensitive to strain rate . Moreover, compressive experiments reveal that the main failure mechanism of such 3D RF materials is fiber buckling and the discontinuous breaking of bonds between the fibers . Furthermore, the compressive strength of a 3D RF material depends on its sintering temperature and often a suitable additive is chosen during sintering to decrease it .…”
Through experiments and finite element modeling (FEM) of contacting fibers, we study the compressive responses of a 3‐dimensional (3D) random fibrous (RF) material of ultrahigh porosity (89%) in the through‐the‐thickness (TTT) and in‐plane (IP) directions from 299 (room temperature) to 1273 K. The experimental results indicate that localized failure and overall compressive deformation dominate the deformation process of RF materials loaded in the TTT direction at low and high temperatures, respectively. On the other hand, only localized failure is observed in the IP direction upon loading. Based on its morphological characteristics, a FE model that considers contact between the fibers is developed to simulate the compressive responses of the tested 3D RF material. In this model, the contact mechanism between the fibers is simulated based on a user‐defined nonlinear spring element. The simulated strength and elastic modulus agree well with the observations from the compressive experiments.
“…Furthermore, the compressive strength of a 3D RF material in the through‐the‐thickness (TTT) direction is weaker than that in the in‐plane (IP) direction, as demonstrated in compression experiments, and increases with increasing strain rate; on the other hand, the elastic modulus of a 3D RF material is not sensitive to strain rate . Moreover, compressive experiments reveal that the main failure mechanism of such 3D RF materials is fiber buckling and the discontinuous breaking of bonds between the fibers . Furthermore, the compressive strength of a 3D RF material depends on its sintering temperature and often a suitable additive is chosen during sintering to decrease it .…”
Through experiments and finite element modeling (FEM) of contacting fibers, we study the compressive responses of a 3‐dimensional (3D) random fibrous (RF) material of ultrahigh porosity (89%) in the through‐the‐thickness (TTT) and in‐plane (IP) directions from 299 (room temperature) to 1273 K. The experimental results indicate that localized failure and overall compressive deformation dominate the deformation process of RF materials loaded in the TTT direction at low and high temperatures, respectively. On the other hand, only localized failure is observed in the IP direction upon loading. Based on its morphological characteristics, a FE model that considers contact between the fibers is developed to simulate the compressive responses of the tested 3D RF material. In this model, the contact mechanism between the fibers is simulated based on a user‐defined nonlinear spring element. The simulated strength and elastic modulus agree well with the observations from the compressive experiments.
“…Multilayer thermal insulations (MTIs), which have better thermal insulation performance than fibrous thermal insulations, begin to be applied to many vehicles of RLV. [3][4][5] It is composed of alternately stacked low emissivity heat shield and low thermal conductivity spacer. Traditional MTIs used in the high vacuum environment has good insulation characteristics.…”
In this paper, high temperature multilayer thermal insulations were to investigate in thermal protection systems for hypersonic vehicles. The thermal response and thermal property of the multilayer insulations were simulated and analyzed by using Ansys software. The calculation results were analyzed and the effects of parameters such as layer thermal conductivity, layer thickness, layer density, and numbers of layer are clarified. Thermal property of multilayer insulations was optimized. The results are helpful to the optimum design of the multilayer insulation system.
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