Compressive Creep Behavior of High-Pressure Die-Cast Aluminum-Containing Magnesium Alloys Developed for Elevated Temperature Applications

Gavras, Sarkis; Zhu, Su-Ming; Easton, Mark; Gibson, Mark; Dieringa, Hajo

doi:10.3389/fmats.2019.00262

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…In the study by Dieringa et al [6] it can be seen that the DieMag422 shows higher threshold stresses than AE42 and MRI230D, which results in an excellent creep resistance. EDXS point measurements in [8] show little to no Ba-content in the lamellar Al 2 Ca phase and a significant concentration of Ba in the Mg 21 Al 3 Ba 2 phase. The as-cast DieMag633 in study [8] had a porosity of 1.48%, a tensile yield strength (TYS) of 202.6 ± 0.7 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 229.6 ± 5.8 MPa, an elongation at fracture (El.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Observations of Microstructure-Oriented Crack Growth in a Cast Mg-Al-Ba-Ca Alloy under Tension, Compression and Fatigue

Maier

Ginesta

Clausius

et al. 2022

Metals

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DieMag633, a cast Mg-Al-Ba-Ca alloy, was the focus of this study. Brittle interdendritic phases strongly influenced the crack initiation and propagation under quasi-static and fatigue loading. Especially under tensile loading, the material showed a low resistance to failure. Selected fatigue loading sequences were applied to investigate their influence on crack propagation. DieMag633 in this study contained shrinkage cavities and pores of significant size and irregular distribution. Even though pores played a role in initiating the crack, it was mainly influenced by the Ba- and Ca-rich phases, being and staying much harder under deformation than the Mg-matrix. Apart from the fatigue crack propagation region under fatigue loading, there was no transgranular cracking found within the dendritic α-Mg grains. Only under compression did the dendritic α-Mg grains bridge the crack from one brittle phase to another. Transgranular cracking within the compact Ba-rich phase was very pronounced, starting with many microcracks within this phase and then connecting to the macrocrack. The lamellar Ca-rich phase showed also mainly transgranular cracking, but being small lamellae, intergranular cracking was additionally found. The hardness increase under deformation depended on the loading condition; a compression load strain-hardened the material the most. µCT analysis was applied to characterize the amount and location of the shrinkage cavities and pores in the individual gauge length.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Observations of Microstructure-Oriented Crack Growth in a Cast Mg-Al-Ba-Ca Alloy under Tension, Compression and Fatigue

Maier

Ginesta

Clausius

et al. 2022

Metals

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“…requires countermeasures. Magnesium alloys for higher temperatures are available, as well, although they are often more costly (AE-series, DieMag-series, AJ-series) (Gavras et al, 2019). -The landing gear (and if required, its bay door) can also be part of the structure especially for MAV's.…”

Section: Aerial Vehicle Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Vibration limiting-AM60 based nano composites with high ductility of 15.4% at RT (Dieringa et al, 2017). • Creep resistant-such as novel DieMag alloys without rare-earth elements showing better creep resistance compared to commercial alloys and better high temperature yield strength than even aluminum alloy A380 (Gavras et al, 2019). • High strength and thermally resistant-such as carbon fiber reinforced Mg MMCs up to 300 • C (Dieringa et al, 2004).…”

Section: The Magnesium Based Urbane Aviation Vehicle-designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, morphing materials are of great interest and might bring constructional aspects to the limit (Sun et al, 2016;Goh et al, 2017). Despite this trend there is a lot of space to use new magnesium alloys, such as DieMag633, MRI230D (Gavras et al, 2019;Tu et al, 2019), Mg-Zn-Ca based (Pan et al, 2016;You et al, 2017;Tu et al, 2019), magnesium based foams (Kucharczyk et al, 2017) or high strength AM60 + 1AlN nanocomposites (Dieringa et al, 2017;Malaki et al, 2019). Particularly with regards to manned aerial vehicles (MAV's) or even air-taxis which might become very expensive and not environmental benign if they are conventionally designed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Magnesium Based Materials: Are They Reliable Drone Construction Materials? A Mini Review

et al. 2021

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Novel magnesium-based materials are ideal candidates for use in future aviation vehicles because they are extremely light and can therefore significantly increase the range of these vehicles. They show very good castability, are easy to machine and can be shaped into profiles or forgings to be used as components for next generation aerial vehicle construction. In the case of a large number of identical components, high-pressure die casting of magnesium alloys is clearly superior to high-pressure die casting of aluminum alloys. This is due to the lower solubility of iron in magnesium and thus tool/casting life is significantly longer. In addition, the die filling times for magnesium high-pressure die casting are approximately 30% shorter. This is due to the lower density: aluminum alloys are approximately 50% heavier than magnesium alloys, which is a significant disadvantage for aluminum alloys especially in the aerospace industry. There are cost-effective novel die casting alloys, besides AZ91 or AM50/60 such as DieMag633 or MRI230D, which show very good specific strength at room and elevated temperatures. In the case of magnesium-based wrought alloys, the choice is smaller, a typical representative of these materials is AZ31, but some new alloys based on Mg-Zn-Ca are currently being developed which show improved formability. However, magnesium alloys are susceptible to environmental influences, which can be eliminated by suitable coatings. Novel corrosion protection concepts for classical aerial vehicles currently under development might suitable but may need adaption to the construction constraints or to vehicle dependent exposure scenarios. Within this mini-review a paradigm change due to utilization of new magnesium materials as drone construction material is briefly introduced and future fields of applications within next-generation aerial vehicles, manned or unmanned, are discussed. Possible research topics will be addressed.

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“…based die-cast alloys were developed [5,6]. Representative alloys are the widely used AZ91 AM50 and AM60 alloys, the Mg-Al-Si alloys (AS21X, AS31, AS41) [7,8], the Mg-Al-Ca alloy (AX51, AX52) [9], the Mg-Al-Sr alloy (AJ52) and the Noranda alloy Mg-6Al-2Sr-Ca (AJ62X) [10][11][12], the Mg-Sr-Ca alloy (AJX500) [5], the General Motors alloy Mg-Al-Ca-Sr (AX52J, AXJ530, AXJ531) [13,14], the Mg-9Al-1Ca-Sr alloy (MRI153A) and the Mg-8Al-1Ca-Sr alloy (MRI153M) [15,16], the Mg-6.5Al-2Ca-1Sn-Sr alloy (MRI230D) [17][18][19], the Nissan alloy Mg-Al-Ca-RE [20], the Honda alloy Mg-5Al-2Ca-2RE (ACM522) [21], the Mg-0.5Zn-6Al-1Ca-3RE alloy (ZACE05613) and the Mg-0.5Zn-4Al-1Ca-1RE alloy (ZACE05411) [22], the Mg-4Al-RE (La, Ce) alloys (AE42, AE44) [23][24][25], the Mg-Al-Ba-Ca alloy [26], etc. The Mg-4Al-4RE (AE44) alloy is a major achievement among the Mg-Al based die-cast alloys with good combination of die castability, mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, and good corrosion resistance [25,27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Mg–RE-Based Die-Cast Magnesium Alloy for Elevated Applications

Dong

Feng

Nyberg³

et al. 2021

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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The development of magnesium (Mg) alloys capable of operating at the demanding working temperature of above 200 °C and the ability of using high pressure die casting for high-volume manufacturing are the most advanced development in manufacturing critical parts for internal combustion (IC) engines used in power tools. Here we introduce the development of a Mg-RE based die-cast Mg alloy for elevated applications in small IC engines. The developed Mg-RE based die-cast Mg alloy shows good ambient and high temperature strength, and it also has excellent high temperature creep resistance. In addition, the developed Mg-RE based die-cast Mg alloy shows good stiffness at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the developed Mg-RE based die-cast Mg alloy exhibits good thermal conductivity at ambient and high temperatures, which is a key point that is normally neglected during the development of high temperature Mg alloys.

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Compressive Creep Behavior of High-Pressure Die-Cast Aluminum-Containing Magnesium Alloys Developed for Elevated Temperature Applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Observations of Microstructure-Oriented Crack Growth in a Cast Mg-Al-Ba-Ca Alloy under Tension, Compression and Fatigue

Observations of Microstructure-Oriented Crack Growth in a Cast Mg-Al-Ba-Ca Alloy under Tension, Compression and Fatigue

Novel Magnesium Based Materials: Are They Reliable Drone Construction Materials? A Mini Review

Development of an Mg–RE-Based Die-Cast Magnesium Alloy for Elevated Applications

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