Compressive and rarefactive dust-ion-acoustic Gardner solitons in a multi-component dusty plasma

Abstract

The linear and nonlinear propagations of dust-ion-acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) in a collisionless four-component unmagnetized dusty plasma system containing nonextensive electrons, inertial negative ions, Maxwellian positive ions, and negatively charged static dust grains have been investigated theoretically. The linear properties are analyzed by using the normal mode analysis and the reductive perturbation method is used to derive the nonlinear equations, namely, the Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV), the modified K-dV (mK-dV), and the Gardner equations. The basic features (viz., polarity, amplitude, width, etc.) of Gardner solitons (GS) are found to exist beyond the K-dV limit and these dust-ion-acoustic GS are qualitatively different from the K-dV and mKdV solitons. It is observed that the basic features of DIASWs are affected by various plasma parameters (viz., electron nonextensivity, negative-to-positive ion number density ratio, electron-to-positive ion number density ratio, electron-to-positive ion temperature ratio, etc.) of the considered plasma system. The findings of our results obtained from this theoretical investigation may be useful in understanding the nonlinear structures and the characteristics of DIASWs propagating in both space and laboratory plasmas. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

Nonplanar Shocks and Solitons in a Strongly Coupled Adiabatic Plasma: the Roles of Heavy Ion Dynamics and Nonextensitivity

“…This investigation is totally different from the earlier reported findings of Ema et al [50] where the plasma system components were nonextensive electrons, inertial negative ions, Maxwellian positive ions, and negatively charged static dust grains. It has been found that the HIA shock/solitary waves, which are formed due to the balance between nonlinearity and dissipation/dispersion, exist with both negative and positive potentials and the basic features (viz.…”

“…of the electrostatic HIASHWs and HIASWs are significantly modified by various plasma parameters studied in this investigation. This investigation is totally different from the earlier reported findings of Ema et al [50] where the plasma system components were nonextensive electrons, inertial negative ions, Maxwellian positive ions, and negatively charged static dust grains. The above mentioned dusty plasma situation exists in various space and laboratory plasmas (e.g., in the Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE) [56] and in a single-ended Q machine when SF 6 is admitted into the vacuum system [57]).…”

“…In our earlier work [50] we considered negatively charged dust grains and studied the basic features of dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) waves but in our present work we consider positively charged heavy ions and studied the basic features of HIA waves. We have defined the parameters arised in Eq.…”

“…(3) as β = n e0 /Z h n h0 (electron-to-heavy ion number density ratio multiplied by the charge per positively charged heavy ion ), α = Z i n i0 /Z h n h0 (light ion-to-heavy ion number density ratio multiplied by their charge per ion), and σ i = T e /T i (electron-to-light ion temperature ratio), respectively. In our earlier work [50] we considered negatively charged dust grains and studied the basic features of dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) waves but in our present work we consider positively charged heavy ions and studied the basic features of HIA waves. To pinpoint how DIA waves different from HIA waves we note that i) in DIA waves dust are stationary and they maintain the equilibrium charge neutrality condition, where in HIA waves heavy ions are not stationary but they provide inertia; ii) in DIA waves the inertia is provided by the light ions but in HIA waves the inertia is provided by the positive heavy ions; iii) the frequency of HIA waves is much smaller than the DIA waves.…”

Roles of negatively-charged heavy ions and nonextensivity in cylindrical and spherical dust-ion-acoustic shock waves

“…Various types of waves (viz. ion-acoustic (IA) waves, electron-acoustic (EA) waves, DIA waves, or dust-acoustic (DA) waves) in nonextensive plasmas has been investigated by many authors by taking the electrons or ions or both the electrons and ions to be nonextensive [10,16,17,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Tsallis statistics or qnonextensive statistics, a new statistical approach [34] that is based on the deviation of the Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon (BGS) entropic measure [20], has, therefore, been proposed to study the cases where the Maxwellian distribution might be considered inappropriate.…”