Compression-shear behavior of a scaled immersion joint with steel shear keys

Xiao, Wenhao; Yu, Haitao; Yuan, Yong; Taerwe, Luc; Guo-ping, XU

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2017.07.007

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Note that the obtained ultimate shear capacity of the joint is contributed by both the steel shear keys and the GINA rubber gasket. Hence, a conclusion can be made that not all the shear keys carry the shear force simultaneously, which is consistent with the conclusion reported in the literature [17]. Because of the deviations in installation and location, the steel shear keys in different sets do not contact each other simultaneously.…”

Section: Ultimate Shear Capacitysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A 1/10 scale experiment was designed to explore the mechanical behavior of an immersion joint under transverse shear action. The transverse shear stiffness and the capacity of the joint were obtained, and the transverse shear failure mode with steel shear keys was discussed [17]. The foregoing studies either focused only on the transverse shear behaviors of the immersion joint or did not take the vertical shear keys into consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study on Vertical Shear Behaviors of an Immersion Joint with Steel Shear Keys

Yuan

Luo

2019

Applied Sciences

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The vertical shear behaviors of an immersion joint with steel shear keys subjected to multidirectional loads are investigated in this paper. An experiment of an immersion joint model is carried out. Two kinds of compression–shear tests of the joint are considered in this experiment. The first kind of compression–shear test applies a specific vertical shear load and five different levels of longitudinal compressive loads on the joint. An additional compression–vertical shear destruction test is also conducted under the minimum longitudinal compressive load, wherein the vertical shear load is incrementally increased until failure of the joint. The other kind of compression–shear test is a bidirectional shear test, in which both the longitudinal compressive load and the transverse shear load are fixed, and the vertical shear load is gradually increased until reaching a target value. The results show that the shear force–displacement curves of the joint in any loading case can be divided into two stages: a non-linear development stage and a quasi-linear development stage. The vertical shear stiffness of the joint is found to increase with increasing longitudinal compressive load, and the existence of a transverse shear load enhances this effect. The ultimate shear capacity of the joint is smaller than the sum of the shear capacities of all vertical steel keys. In addition, the failure of the joint appears at the shear key on one sidewall of the joint.

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Section: Ultimate Shear Capacitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Vertical Shear Behaviors of an Immersion Joint with Steel Shear Keys

Yuan

Luo

2019

Applied Sciences

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“…They pointed out that immersion joint specimens underwent a nonlinear stage and a quasi-linear stage, and damage occurred at the vertical shear keys on the sidewall. Xiao et al [21] investigated the compression-shear performance of a scaled immersed joint model by using a static test. Yu et al [22] conducted an experiment on the mechanical characteristics of an immersion joint model and proposed that the ranges of flexural and shear stiffness ratio were 1/1161 to 1/25 and 1/76 to 1/24, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Behavior of Shear Keys Enhanced with Novel Energy Absorption Devices in Immersion Joints Based on Pseudo-Static Tests

Cheng

Jing

et al. 2022

Materials

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Shear keys are usually installed as crucial shear-resistant members of an immersion joint; thus, the mechanical behavior of the shear keys, especially under earthquake loading, deserves more attention. This paper presents a novel arc-shaped energy absorption device developed for shear keys. In order to verify the seismic performance of shear keys strengthened by the arc-shaped energy absorption devices, a series of pseudo-static tests were conducted, in which different axial pressures (300 kN, 400 kN) were also taken into consideration. The testing results indicated that failure mode of the shear key enhanced by the energy absorption devices was a synthesis of the oblique shear failure of the rubber blankets, the buckling of the energy absorption devices, and the concrete fracture of the shear key. In view of load-displacement hysteretic curves of testing specimens, loops of the reinforced shear keys were plumper than those from a traditional shear key. In addition, the load-bearing capacity (cracking load, yield load, peak load, and failing load) differences of the shear keys with and without energy absorption devices reinforcement under the same axial pressure were 33.0%, 36.7%, 26.0%, and 23.6%, respectively. The maximum equivalent viscous coefficient values of the shear keys with and without energy absorption devices reinforcement were 0.37, 0.38, and 0.32, respectively. The arc-shaped energy absorption devices can contribute to the hysteretic behavior of the shear keys. However, the axial pressure had a positive influence on the load bearing capacity, accumulated energy absorption capacity, and initial stiffness of the shear keys. In contrast to that, the axial pressure had negative influence on ductility ratio of the reinforced shear keys (equivalent viscous coefficient values of two enhanced shear keys were roughly equal). A reasonable stiffness scheme of an energy absorption device should be given attention during the anti-seismic design of an immersion joint. The study can provide scientific support for further study on the seismic responses of immersion joints and promote the application of earthquake control technology in immersed tunnels.

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“…e bearing characteristics of immersed tube structures include a segmented body and a joint. In theoretical analysis [6,7], the limitation is that the conditional setting is too idealistic to comprehensively consider all the in uencing factors, while model tests [8,9] are di cult to conduct, expensive to implement, and limited in the application scope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Characteristics of Variable Cross-Section Immersed Tunnels under Spatial Differential Settlement

Yang

Wang

Wei

et al. 2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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This work establishes a fine model reflecting the characteristics of immersed tube structures to study the spatial mechanical characteristics of variable cross section immersed tunnels. Then, the mechanical behavior of the pipe segments under differential deformation is explored, based on which we propose a formula for estimating the shear key force and analyze the corresponding failure mechanism and failure mode. Thus, the critical points of the pipe segment design are specified. The results show that, first, the variable cross section segment bears more sectional internal force (over 47%) than the uniform cross section segment in actual cases, which should be fully considered in practical reinforcement design. Bearing deformation alternatively occurs at different shear keys, implying an apparent spatial stiffness matching problem. Second, the pipe segments show overall settlement under longitudinal bending, failing to satisfy the assumption of deformed plane sections. The force on the shear keys varies with the quadratic function of the longitudinal bending degree, and the dislocation magnitude has a positive near-linear relationship with the bending degree. Third, when subjected to torsion, the shear keys of the weak sidewalls are sheared to resist torsion. Then, this force is laterally transferred to the top and bottom plates and jointly shared by the adjacent shear keys, explaining why shear is adjusted with structural deformation. Fourth, under the action of spatial differential deformation, the shear force is mainly undertaken by the vertical shear keys. When the structure is subjected to bending, compression and shear failure occur at the end angle of the middle wall shear key, and its root junction experiences tension and shear failure. When subjected to longitudinal torsion, the local tension and shear failure at the root of the shear key on the soft subgrade side cause a joint failure. Finally, based on the bearing characteristics, failure mechanism, and failure mode of variable cross section immersed tunnels, the idea of strengthening immersed tube structures is put forward, which can guide similar engineers.

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Compression-shear behavior of a scaled immersion joint with steel shear keys

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Experimental Study on Vertical Shear Behaviors of an Immersion Joint with Steel Shear Keys

Experimental Study on Vertical Shear Behaviors of an Immersion Joint with Steel Shear Keys

Seismic Behavior of Shear Keys Enhanced with Novel Energy Absorption Devices in Immersion Joints Based on Pseudo-Static Tests

Mechanical Characteristics of Variable Cross-Section Immersed Tunnels under Spatial Differential Settlement

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