Comprehensiveness of conservation of useful wild plants: An operational indicator for biodiversity and sustainable development targets

Khoury, Colin K.; Amariles, Daniel; Soto, Jonatan Stivens; Díaz, María Victoria Madrid; Sotelo, Steven; Sosa, Chrystian C.; Ramírez-Villegas, Julián; Achicanoy, Harold A.; Velásquez‐Tibatá, Jorge; Guarino, Luigi; León, Blanca; Navarro-Racines, Carlos Eduardo; Castañeda‐Álvarez, Nora P.; Dempewolf, Hannes; Wiersema, John H.; Jarvis, Andy

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.11.016

Cited by 120 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The ambitious, but vital sustainability targets of SDGs, Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA-article 5) in biodiversity conservation need quantitative ecological indicators to implement the restoration measures and meet their targets (United Nations, 2015;CBD, 2018;Khoury et al, 2019). An indicator, gap analysis methodology, has been demonstrated to be relevant in implementing the conservation measures of wild food crops, intimately linked with human well-being (Khoury et al, 2019).…”

Section: Ecological Indicator Perspectives Of the Iapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Kumar

Singh

2020

Ecological Indicators

233

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Ecological perturbations caused by biotic invasion have been identified as a growing threat to global sustainability. Invasive alien plants species (IAPS) are considered to be one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss and thereby altering the ecosystem services and socio-economic conditions through different mechanisms. Although the ecological impacts of IAPS are well documented, there is a dearth of studies regarding their economic quantification, livelihood considerations, biotechnological prospects (phytoremediation, bioenergy, phytosynthesis of nanoparticles, biomedical, industrial applications etc.) and human health risk assessments of IAPS. In this context, the current panoramic review aimed to investigate the environmental, socio-ecological and health risks posed by IAPS as well as the compounded impact of IAPS with habitat fragmentation, climate and land use changes. To this end, the need of an integrated trans-disciplinary research is emphasized for the sustainable management of IAPS. The management prospects can be further strengthened through their linkage with geo-spatial technologies (remote sensing and GIS) by mapping and monitoring the IAPS spread. Further, the horizon of IAPS management is expanded to ecological indicator perspectives of IAPS, biosecurity, and risk assessment protocols with critical discussion. Moreover, positive as well as negative implications of the IAPS on environment, health, ecosystem services and socio-economy (livelihood) are listed so that a judicious policy framework could be developed for the IAPS management in order to mitigate the human health implications.

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Section: Ecological Indicator Perspectives Of the Iapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Kumar

Singh

2020

Ecological Indicators

233

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“…Although assessing ex situ genetic representativeness of each species' remaining wild populations is outside the scope of this study, the number of accessions reported in botanic garden holdings are often lower than recommended levels for maximum gene capture (Hoban, 2019;Khoury et al, 2019;Whitlock et al, 2016). By combining complimentary crop gene bank and botanic garden holdings as metacollections, sample size will increase, and possibly gene capture as well (Griffith et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanic Gardens Are Important Contributors to Crop Wild Relative Preservation

Meyer

Barton

2019

Crop Science

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Humans rely on crop wild relatives (CWRs) for sustainable agriculture and food security through augmentation of crop yield, disease resistance, and climatic tolerance, among other important traits. Many CWRs are underrepresented in crop gene banks. With at least one‐third of known plant species maintained in botanic garden living collections, the botanic garden community serves as an important global ex situ network that supports plant conservation and research around the world. We sought to characterize botanic garden holdings of CWRs and demonstrate capacity for cross‐sector coordination in support of CWR ex situ preservation. To do this, Botanic Gardens Conservation International US (BGCI‐US), in partnership with the United States Botanic Garden, used the BGCI PlantSearch database to conduct an ex situ survey of CWRs maintained in botanic gardens. We found 28.6% of global priority CWR taxa and 75.4% of US priority CWR taxa represented in botanic gardens. By comparing with priority CWR holdings in crop gene banks, botanic gardens maintain 22 global priority and 108 US priority CWR taxa not reported by crop gene banks. A combination of crop gene bank and botanic garden holdings results in broader taxonomic coverage. Looking more closely at 10 US priority CWR species, findings demonstrate that botanic gardens have the capacity to fill critical CWRs gaps in crop gene bank collections, and botanic gardens maintain samples from wild populations not represented in crop gene banks. We call on the crop gene bank and botanic garden communities to use an integrated collections development approach for further coordination, complementarity, and duplication of ex situ CWR plant genetic resources.

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“…To review the occurrence data in preparation for distribution modeling, we uploaded all H and G coordinates to an interactive mapping platform (Google, 2019b), and corrected or removed points occurring in bodies of water or in clearly incorrect locations. Due to the large number of occurrences for C. foetidissima , points for this species were proportionally thinned by country to less than a total of 2,000, to facilitate distribution modeling (Khoury et al, ). Refined occurrence data were extracted from the interactive mapping platform.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm (Phillips, Anderson, Dudik, Schapire, & Blair, ) accessed through the R statistical package dismo (Hijmans, Phillips, Leathwick, & Elith, ) to model the potential distributions of the taxa, following processes outlined in Khoury et al (). We assembled a total of 26 ecogeographic predictors (Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are necessary to protect vulnerable populations from habitat destruction and degradation, over‐harvesting, climate change, and invasive species so that they may continue to evolve (Bellon, Dulloo, Sardos, Thormann, & Burdon, ; Brummitt et al, ; Díaz et al, ; Jarvis, Lane, & Hijmans, ), and to ensure that genetic resources are safeguarded for the long term and available for use in living plant conservation repositories (Castañeda‐Álvarez et al, ; Gepts, ). Global analyses indicate that wild relatives are poorly represented in genebanks (Castañeda‐Álvarez et al, ) and in protected areas (Khoury et al, ), highlighting the urgency of addressing these information gaps to guide future conservation and to support crop improvement efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributions, conservation status, and abiotic stress tolerance potential of wild cucurbits (Cucurbita L.)

Khoury

Carver

Kates

et al. 2019

Plants People Planet

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Crop wild relatives-wild species closely related to cultivated plants-are valuable genetic resources for crop improvement, but gaps in knowledge constrain their conservation and limit their further use. We develop new information on the distributions, potential breeding value, and conservation status of the 16 known wild relatives of cultivated pumpkins, squashes, zucchini, and gourds (Cucurbita L.). The taxa occur from the central USA to Central America, plus two South American species, with the greatest richness in central Mexico and the western borderlands between Mexico and the USA. We determine the majority of species are of medium priority for conservation, both with regard to collecting for ex situ maintenance, and for enhanced habitat protection. Summary• Crop wild relatives are valuable genetic resources for crop improvement.Knowledge gaps, including with regard to taxonomy, distributions, and characterization for traits of interest constrain their use in plant breeding. These deficiencies also affect conservation planning, both with regard to in situ habitat protection, and further collection of novel diversity for ex situ maintenance.• Here we model the potential ranges of all 16 known wild cucurbit taxa (Cucurbita L.), use ecogeographic information to infer their potential adaptations to abiotic stresses, and assess their ex situ and in situ conservation status.• The taxa occur from the central USA to Central America, plus two South American species. Predicted taxon richness was highest in central Mexico and in the western borderlands between Mexico and the USA. We find substantial ecogeographic variation both across taxa and among populations within taxa, with regard to low temperatures, high and low precipitation, and other adaptations of potential interest for crop breeding.• We categorize 13 of the taxa medium priority for further conservation as a combination of the ex situ and in situ assessments, two low priority, and one sufficiently

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Comprehensiveness of conservation of useful wild plants: An operational indicator for biodiversity and sustainable development targets

Cited by 120 publications

References 53 publications

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Botanic Gardens Are Important Contributors to Crop Wild Relative Preservation

Distributions, conservation status, and abiotic stress tolerance potential of wild cucurbits (Cucurbita L.)

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