Comprehensive treatment of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia: are we using all the possibilities of anticoagulant therapy?

Abstract

Background: medical correction of the hemostatic system is one of the most important directions for complex treatment of obliterating diseases of lower limbs arteries (ODLLA), including cases of chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI).Aim: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the sulodexide use in patients with ODLLA when conducting a comprehensive treatment of CLTI.Patients and Methods: 520 patients underwent two-center prospective study, 318 of whom (211 — with signs of ODLLA, 107 — without signs of CLTI) underwent revascularization interventions, whereas, 202 patients with CLTI received multicomponent complex conservative treatment. In addition to standard treatment, 30 patients who underwent surgery interventions and the group of 50 patients receiving conservative treatment received sulodexide orally in 2 capsules bis in day (1000 LE/day). The severity of the pain syndrome, the distance of pain-free walking, some laboratory indicators of hemostatic system, as well as the presence of adverse events and complications were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: in operated patients with both CLTI and without it, regardless of the sulodexide use, there was a significant decrease in the severity of pain syndrome and an increase in the distance of pain-free walking. Sulodexide use was accompanied by reduced fibrinogen, D-dimer, soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in the subgroup of patients with CLTI, and indicators of fibrinogen and PAI-1 in the subgroup of patients without CLTI (p<0.05). In non-operated patients with CLTI, sulodexide use was accompanied by a decrease in pain syndrome and indicators of fibrinogen, D-dimer, SFMC, and PAI-1 (p<0.05). However, it was less significant after performed revascularization. There were no adverse events or complications associated with the sulodexide use.Conclusions: improvement of clinical and laboratory parameters was mainly determined by the efficacy of performed limb revascularization. In the complex treatment of patients with ODLLA, the sulodexide use was safe and effective, which was manifested by a decrease in the pain severity, an increase in the distance of pain-free walking and normalization of some coagulogram indicators.KEYWORDS: chronic limb-threatening ischaemia, critical limb ischemia, obliterating diseases of lower limb arteries, complex treatment, sulodexide.FOR CITATION: Katelnitsky I.I., Darvin V.V., Zorkin A.A. Comprehensive treatment of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia: are we using all the possibilities of anticoagulant therapy? Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(7):445–451. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-7-445-451.