Comprehensive three dimensional hysteretic magnetomechanical model and its validation with experimental ⟨110⟩ single-crystal iron-gallium behavior

Abstract

A unique modeling approach is introduced, which can track the hysteretic evolution of volume fractions of magnetic moments in several directions and has the potential to predict the magnetomechanical behavior accurately along several important crystallographic directions. The model is benchmarked against the [110] oriented single-crystal Fe82Ga18 experimental magnetomechanical behavior. The different physical effects such as flipping of moments between easy directions versus gradual rotation of moments from easy toward the noneasy directions can be captured by this model. The ability of this model to capture these effects along with hysteresis, some of which are lacking in the previous models, are explained.

Production and characterization of 〈100〉 textured magnetostrictive Fe–Ga rods

“…These are likely due to energy associated with domain walls (see e.g. [22]) and further investigations of these effects will be reported elsewhere. While the magnetostriction of the zone-melted rod is still somewhat less than the maximum values of around 290 ppm reported for single crystals of similar composition [17], the techniques used to produce and process the rod are much more efficient, less complex and less expensive than the techniques used to obtain single crystals.…”

Coupled axisymmetric finite element model of a hydraulically amplified magnetostrictive actuator for active powertrain mounts

“…This restricted choice of moment orientations, however, caused inaccuracies in the models especially in the domain rotation region. Atulasimha et al [26] improved the accuracy of these models at the cost of increased computational load by tracking the volume fractions of domains aligned along 98 crystallographic orientations for Galfenol. Evans and Dapino [18] developed a constitutive model for Galfenol by choosing orientations which minimize an energy functional locally defined about each easy axis direction.…”

Robust solution procedure for the discrete energy-averaged model on the calculation of 3D hysteretic magnetization and magnetostriction of iron–gallium alloys

“…The Armstrong model is computationally inefficient, as it searches for global energy minima. Atulasimha et al [10] improved efficiency by only considering 98 fixed orientations. Evans and Dapino [11] proposed a discrete energyaveraged (DEA) model, which greatly improved efficiency while maintaining accuracy by solving for the local energy minimum about each of Galfenol's six easy crystallographic directions.…”