Comprehensive review on lignocellulosic biomass derived biochar production, characterization, utilization and applications

Jayakumar, Mani; Hamda, Abas Siraj; Abo, Lata Deso; Daba, Bulcha Jifara; Venkatesa Prabhu, Sundramurthy; Rangaraju, Magesh; Jabesa, Abdisa; Periyasamy, Selvakumar; Suresh, Sagadevan; Baskar, Gurunathan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140515

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Te C/N ratio was 15.39. Naturally, the nitrogen content occurs in organic molecules [32,33] and these author's facts confrm that biochar contains nitrogen. Furthermore, only 16.8 mg•kg −1 of the accessible phosphorous (available P) out of the total phosphorous of 138.01 mg•kg −1 was collected, and it had a low extractable p content.…”

Section: Biochar Chemical Composition Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Te higher the total porosity of the soil, the better the soil's physical quality [32]. One of the crucial properties of biochar that can increase the amount of water that is available to plants and enhance the soil's capacity to retain nutrients is its pore size [33]. By enhancing soil macroaggregate content and pore space persistence, biochar and/or lime have boosted overall porosity [40].…”

Section: Soil Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tis mechanism may be brought on by microbial decarboxylation of the calcium-organic matter complex, which releases the calcium ion and causes it to be hydrolyzed later. Not as a lime, biochar may have a low Ca and Mg concentration that is not particularly prominent [25,33].…”

Section: Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applying biochar to acidic soils directly enhances the biological, physical, and chemical characteristics of the soil [29,32]. As a result, biochar can be thought of as a soil facilitator for nutrient transport and cycling, plant growth and impact on soil toxicity, soil's density, and soil nutrient release [25,33]. However, the material and pyrolysis temperature have the greatest infuence on the efects of biochar [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the Effect of Combined Biochar and Lime Rates on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties of Acid Soils in Gimbi District, Western Ethiopia

Abeba Kenea,

Abera Goshu,

Chimdessa

2024

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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The physicochemical properties of Western Ethiopian soils were negatively threatened with continuous cultivation crop lands. Soil amendments with biochar and lime facilitate and improve soil physicochemical properties directly and indirectly and enhance crop productivity. A field experiment was conducted in Gimbi District, Western Ethiopia, to examine the effects of combined coffee husk biochar (CHB) and soil test value-based lime (STV) rate application on physicochemical properties of acid soils. The trial included eight treatments, including control, 100% STV, 10 ton of CHB, and CHB + STV rates at 10 ton + 75%, 10 ton + 50%, 7.5 ton + 75%, 7.5 ton + 50%, and 5 ton + 75% ha−1on two farm fields. The fields were laid out in RCBD with three replications. The treatments had substantial effects on P<0.05) on the soil’s physicochemical characteristics. The application of biochar and lime in Farms-1 and 2 reduced soil BD from 1.21 and 1.41 g·cm−3 to 1.15 and 1.12 to 0.90 and 0.97 g·cm−3, respectively. The soil pH level was increased from 5.10 to a range of 5.58 to 6.11 in Farm-1, and in Farm-2, from 4.64 to a range of 4.64 to 6.22 levels. The application of 10 ton of CHB + 75% of STV in Farms-1 and 2 resulted in the highest SOC of 7.44% and 7.68%, respectively. The application of 10 ton of CHB + 75% of STV in Farms-1 and 2 resulted in 4.86 mg·kg−1 and 6.96 mg·kg−1 available P, respectively. Available P was positively correlated with pH (0.62), SOC (0.63), and CEC (0.66). Exchangeable acidity was decreased from 4.64 cmol(+)kg−1 to a range from 3.19 to 0.98 cmol(+)kg−1 in Farm-1 and from 5.00 cmol(+)kg−1 to a range from 3.38 to 1.10 cmol(+)kg−1 in Farm-2. Therefore, amending the strongly acidic to very strongly acidic soil with a combined CHB (7.5 to 10 ton ha−1) and STV (50 to 75% ha−1) rates had improved the soil physicochemical properties of agricultural lands. To make a firm conclusion, research on soil analysis after crop harvest and economic benefit is required.

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Section: Biochar Chemical Composition Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the Effect of Combined Biochar and Lime Rates on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties of Acid Soils in Gimbi District, Western Ethiopia

Abeba Kenea,

Abera Goshu,

Chimdessa

2024

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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“…The teff straw, which was used as the raw material for the synthesis of the precipitated silica gel, contained some elements that were not detected in the final product, such as K and Al. These elements might have been removed during the extraction and purification processes [59,60]. A previous study by P S Utama, R Yamsaengsung [61] investigated the fly ash generated from the palm oil mill and the precipitation process that occurred.…”

Section: Analysis Using Energy Dispersive X-raysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic investigations on bio-silica gel prepared from teff (Eragrostis tef) straw: effect of calcination time

Tessema,

Gonfa,

Hailegiorgis

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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Bio-based silica gel is having many commercial significances in various sectors, such as medical, cleansing agents in industries, laboratory analysis, cosmetics, food additives, and so forth. In view of crucial requirements, this study aimed to synthesize and characterize the silica gel from Ethiopia’s primary post-harvest biomass residue, known as teff straw. The present study has been emphasized to investigate on the influence of calcination time for teff straw ash [Joshi et al 2022 Investigation of bamboo leaves as an alternative source of silica: extraction, characterization and its application as an adsorbent for methylene blue sequestration Chem. Select. 7, e202200011] preparation between 2 to 5 h. Further, the specific surface area of the resultant TSA samples was examined for preliminary understandings of processing time. By adopting the standard procedures through template-mediated sol–gel process, acquired TSA samples were subjected to treatment with NaOH to result sodium silicate solution and the amorphous silica. From the findings, it was apparent that the yield of silica gel has significantly influenced by calcination time. Accordingly, the maximum yield (90.0%) was attained at the calcination time of 4 h at 900 °C. Further, physiochemical and morphological characteristics of acquired silica gels were ascertained using sophisticated instrumental techniques such as BET, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. The XRD analysis of the crystallographic characteristics showed that the silica extracted from TSA at 900 °C for 2, 3, 4, and 5 h was found to be in amorphous state. The surface morphological studies of silica gel samples have been carried out using SEM studied. the EDX spectra showed the negligible amount of other impurities, nevertheless a larger amount of silica was found with highest purity of 99.77% e silica gel was obtained in TSA calcinated at 3 h. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of siloxane (Si–O–Si) vibrations of amorphous silica that are responsible for the strong bend observed at 1070 cm−1. It was found that the silica gel prepared at 3 h of calcination time had the largest specific surface area of 739.242 m2 g−1, pore volume of 0.32 cm3 g−1, and a pore diameter of 1.68 nm.

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Sustainable strategies towards better utilization of synthetic polymers

Shanthi,

Beula Isabel,

Thankachan

et al. 2024

Biopolymers

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The abstract provides an overview of a study focused on analyzing diverse strategies to achieve sustainable utilization of synthetic polymers through effective waste management. The escalating global consumption of synthetic polymers has precipitated a concerning increase in plastic waste and environmental degradation. To address this challenge, novel materials with specified application goals, such as engineered plastic, have been developed and are intended for recycling and reuse. Despite the reuse and recycling, when plastic gets disposed into the environment, the degradation properties of plastics render a direct disposal hazard, posing a significant environmental threat. To mitigate these issues, the concept of replacing specific monomers of engineered synthetic plastics with bio‐alternatives or blending them with other polymers to enhance sustainability and environmental compatibility has emerged. In this study, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) plastic is the focal material, and three distinct investigations were conducted. First, replacing ABS plastic's butadiene monomer with natural rubber was explored for its properties and environmental impact. Second, ABS plastic was blended with virgin, recycled, and bio‐alternatives of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) polymers. Lastly, recycled ABS blended with recycled PET and PVC was analyzed for mechanical properties. Comparative assessments of these blends were made based on mechanical properties, carbon emissions, and cost‐effectiveness. The study determined that the r‐ABS/r‐PVC (recycled) blend exhibited the most favorable characteristics for practical application.

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Comprehensive review on lignocellulosic biomass derived biochar production, characterization, utilization and applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 86 publications

Examining the Effect of Combined Biochar and Lime Rates on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties of Acid Soils in Gimbi District, Western Ethiopia

Examining the Effect of Combined Biochar and Lime Rates on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties of Acid Soils in Gimbi District, Western Ethiopia

Characteristic investigations on bio-silica gel prepared from teff (Eragrostis tef) straw: effect of calcination time

Sustainable strategies towards better utilization of synthetic polymers

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