Comprehensive review of two groups of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Xian, Bin; Wang, Rui; Jiang, Huajuan; Zhou, Yongfeng; Yan, Jie; Huang, Xulong; Jiang, Chen; Wu, Qinghua; Chen, Chao; Xi, Ziqing; Ren, Chaoxiang; Pei, Jin

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113462

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…However, only kaempferol glycosides were detected in the protoplasts, and no glycosides of other flavonols, such as quercetin and isorhamnetin, were identified. It may be due to the fact that kaempferol is the most abundant flavonol in safflower, 5 and the protoplasts were prepared from fresh, unflowering corollas, while metabolomics measured blooming flowers, resulting in slight differences in their compositions. On the other hand, although CtUGT3 49 NpUGT6 has been identified in the embryos of Nelumbo nucifera and catalyzes the 3-OH glycosylation of quercetin.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various types of kaempferol glycosides are abundant in safflower, and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (astragalin) is one of the most common glycosides. 5 Astragalin is found in many plants with various biological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. 6 The basic metabolic pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis is well known, particularly in model plants.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine the kinetic parameters of CtUGT3 for naringenin, assays containing 50 mM Na 2 HPO 4 −NaH 2 PO 4 (pH 8.0), 1 μM CtUGT3, saturating UDP-glucose, and varying concentrations (5,10,20,40,80,100,200, 400, 800, 1000, and 1500 μM) of naringenin were performed at 37 °C for 5 min with a final volume of 100 μL. To determine the kinetic parameters of CtUGT3 for apigenin, assays containing 50 mM Na 2 HPO 4 −NaH 2 PO 4 (pH 8.0), 1 μM CtUGT3, saturating UDP-glucose, and varying concentrations (5,10,20,40,80,100,200, 400, 800, 1000, and 1500 μM) of apigenin were performed at 37 °C for 5 min with a final volume of 100 μL. To determine the kinetic parameters of CtUGT3 for kaempferol, assays containing 50 mM Na 2 HPO 4 −NaH 2 PO 4 (pH 8.0), 1 μM CtUGT3, saturating UDP-glucose, and varying concentrations (100, 200, 400, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 1800, 2000, and 2400 μM) of kaempferol, were performed at 37 °C for 5 min with a final volume of 100 μL.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Characterization of CtUGT3 as the Key Player of Astragalin Biosynthesis in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Ren,

Xi,

Xian

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a multipurpose economic crop that is distributed worldwide. Flavonoid glycosides are the main bioactive components in safflower, but only a few UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT) have been identified. Three differentially expressed UGT genes related with the accumulation of 9 flavonoid O-glycosides were screened from metabolomics and transcriptome analysis. Safflower corolla protoplasts were used to confirm the glycosylation ability of UGT candidates in vivo for the first time. The astragalin content was significantly increased only when CtUGT3 was overexpressed. CtUGT3 also showed flavonoid 3-OH and 7-OH glycosylation activities in vitro. Molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that G15, T136, S276, and E384 were critical catalytic residues for the glycosylation ability of CtUGT3. These results demonstrate that CtUGT3 has a flavonoid 3-OH glycosylation function and is involved in the biosynthesis of astragalin in safflower. This study provides a reference for flavonoid biosynthesis genes research in nonmodel plants.

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Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Characterization of CtUGT3 as the Key Player of Astragalin Biosynthesis in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Ren,

Xi,

Xian

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…In light of these facts, Sa ower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed can act as the most abundant terrestrial source of PUFAs, which is a great replacement for the poultry industry. Sa ower oil was known as the "king of linoleic acid" due to its high linoleic acid (80%) content (Xian et al 2022). In the human body, linoleic acid is classi ed as an essential fatty acid, which belongs to the unsaturated group of fats, lowers cholesterol and prevents heart disease (Bruen et al 2017).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance and hematological parameters of broiler chickens fed gradually increasing levels of supplemental safflower seed

Rathaur

Chandra

Prakash

2023

Preprint

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Fats and oils are used to enhance the palatability of feed, absorb fat-soluble vitamins, and pass digesta through the gastrointestinal tract of poultry. The goal of current study was to see how dietary supplementation of Safflower seed (SS) affected on the production and hematological parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 200 male chickens (7-day-old) were randomly distributed into 5 treatments with each 5 replicate pens of 8 chicks in a 42-day trial. Each group was randomly allocated to one of 5 dietary treatments: (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) SS, respectively. The experimental diets were formulated for starter (7 to 21 days) and finisher (22 to 42 days) phase. Result indicated that inclusion of SS in diet improved body weight and feed conversion ratio during 7 to 42 days (P < 0.05). The highest and lowest body weight were observed in 5% SS and 0% SS levels, respectively. The obtained results demonstrated a significantly (P < 0.01) increased content of RBC, HB, PCV, Lymphocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and Platelets in the blood of broiler chickens fed with various levels of SS for five weeks. Findings suggest that, SS may use as natural energy source to increase growth performance and improve hematological parameters.

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Rapid analysis of the chemical constituents of traditional Tibetan medicine Sbyor‐bzo‐ghi‐wang using ballpoint electrospray ionization technique

Song,

Wang,

Drolma

et al. 2024

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RationaleThe chemical constituents of traditional Tibetan medicines (TTM) can be identified using high‐performance liquid chromatography and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) technique. However, the HPLC–MS/MS technique requires the sample to be pretreated and then separated using the specific liquid chromatography method, which is time consuming. This study developed a ballpoint electrospray ionization (BPESI) technique for analyzing the chemical constituents of Sbyor‐bzo‐ghi‐wang. This technique is a simple and inexpensive method for the rapid identification of the chemical constituents of TTMs.MethodsAfter the important parameters of the homemade BPESI device were optimized, the chemical constituents of Sbyor‐bzo‐ghi‐wang were quickly identified without sample pretreatment. The raw data were converted to mzML file using MSConvert and then identified using SIRIUS 5 software.ResultsThe results showed that 30 compounds were identified from Sbyor‐bzo‐ghi‐wang, namely eight bile acids, six flavonoids, four alkaloids, three amino acids, and nine others. Compared to the ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐Q/Orbitrap and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q/Orbitrap HRMS) technique, the BPESI technique identified almost similar types of compounds and also a comparable number of compounds.ConclusionsCompared with the traditional HPLC–MS/MS methods, the BPESI technique does not require complex sample pretreatment and subsequent chromatographic separation steps; also it consumes a small quantity of samples. Therefore, BPESI can be used for the qualitative analysis of the chemical constituents of Sbyor‐bzo‐ghi‐wang.

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Comprehensive review of two groups of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Cited by 23 publications

References 221 publications

Identification and Characterization of CtUGT3 as the Key Player of Astragalin Biosynthesis in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Identification and Characterization of CtUGT3 as the Key Player of Astragalin Biosynthesis in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Growth performance and hematological parameters of broiler chickens fed gradually increasing levels of supplemental safflower seed

Rapid analysis of the chemical constituents of traditional Tibetan medicine Sbyor‐bzo‐ghi‐wang using ballpoint electrospray ionization technique

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