Comprehensive pyrosequencing analysis of the bacterial microbiota of the skin of patients with seborrheic dermatitis

Abstract

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic inflammatory dermatologic condition in which erythema and itching develop on areas of the body with sebaceous glands, such as the scalp, face and chest. The inflammation is evoked directly by oleic acid, which is hydrolyzed from sebum by lipases secreted by skin microorganisms. Although the skin fungal genus, Malassezia, is thought to be the causative agent of SD, analysis of the bacterial microbiota of skin samples of patients with SD is necessary to clarify any association with Malassezia because the skin microbiota comprises diverse bacterial and fungal genera. In the present study, bacterial microbiotas were analyzed at non-lesional and lesional sites of 24 patients with SD by pyrosequencing and qPCR. Principal coordinate analysis revealed clear separation between the microbiota of non-lesional and lesional sites. Acinetobacter, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Propionibacterium were abundant at both sites. Propionibacterium was abundant at non-lesional sites, whereas Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus predominated at lesional sites; however, the extent of Propionibacterium colonization did not differ significantly between lesional and non-lesional sites according to qPCR. Given that these abundant bacteria hydrolyze sebum, they may also contribute to SD development. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of the bacterial microbiotas of the skin of SD patients.

High Staphylococcus epidermidis Colonization and Impaired Permeability Barrier in Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis

“…We speculate that S. epidermidis may be pathogenic in SD as S. aureus is in atopic dermatitis. Of course, the role of other microorganisms cannot be definitely ruled out; as shown by Tanaka et al .,[10] Acinetobacter , Staphylococcus , and Streptococcus predominated on lesional sites of SD patients.…”

“…[10] analyzed bacterial microbiota on nonlesional and lesional sites of 24 patients with SD using pyrosequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results show a predominance of Acinetobacter , Staphylococcus , and Streptococcus on lesional sites.…”

New Insights into the Etiopathogenesis of Seborrheic Dermatitis

“…Malassezia yeasts, androgens, sebum levels and immune response play important roles in seborrheic dermatitis development while additional factors such as drugs, winter temperatures and stress may exacerbate this disease [29]. Sebaceous glands contribute to skin barrier function and their alteration may play a role in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis and other common skin diseases such as acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rosacea [30].…”

Микробиота Кожи И Возможности Ее Коррекции Пре- И Пробиотиками При Лечении Хронических Дерматозов

“…Рассматривают такие механизмы возникновения и развития себорейного дер-матита, как генетические, эндокринные нару-шения (дисфункции желез внутренней секре-ции -гипофиза, щитовидной железы, коры надпочечников, половых желез), функциональ-ные и органические нарушения вегетативной нервной системы, особенно парасимпатиче-ского отдела, нарушения липидного обмена, патологии пищеварительного тракта, иммунные (снижение активности Т-лимфоцитов и В-лим-фоцитов, реакций неспецифического иммуни-тета) нарушения, изменения микробиоты и др. [66,67]. Особый интерес представляет связь иммунных и микробных нарушений у больных себорейным дерматитом.…”

“…Propionibacterium был выявлен в изоби-лии на участках без повреждений, тогда как Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus и Streptococcus преобладали на участках поражения. Изуче-ние микробного состава поверхности кожи больных себорейным дерматитом показало, что даже сапрофитные и условно-патогенные микроорганизмы могут реализовывать свои патогенные свойства, что обусловливает более тяжелое течение дерматита у больных жирной формой себорейного дерматита с частым воз-никновением осложнений [66,68,69].…”