Comprehensive methods of diagnosis and prevention of postpartum complications in cows

Abstract

The experiments were conducted during 2018 - 2020 on cows of black-spotted breed in the conditions of LLC "Ryasnyanske" of Krasnopil district of Sumy region.
 Cows were aged 4 - 8 years with an average annual milk yield of 2.5 - 3.1 thousand kg of milk per lactation. Assessment of the postpartum period was performed according to the changes that occurred in the female reproductive system. This took into account not only the general condition of the animals, the nature of the exudate, the size and topography of the uterus, but also the condition of the ovaries, cervix and vagina in rectal and vaginal examinations. Diagnosis of various forms of endometritis was performed based on medical history, clinical and gynecological studies.
 For the treatment of cows of the experimental group with postpartum endometritis, they were injected subcutaneously with 10 ml of the drug "Metrisan" in a mixture with 0.5% solution of novocaine at a rate of 1: 1. The interval between injections was 7-10 days. The frequency depended on the form of endometritis and was 3-5 injections. For the treatment of cows of the control group with postpartum endometritis they used a 10% solution of ichthyol intrauterinely Injection of 7% solution of ichthyol into pararectal tissue
 In 2018, 2 cows (1.6%) dropped out for this reason, in 2019 - 4 heads (3.1%), in 2020 -4 cows (2.8%). Due to age-related infertility, 1 cow was culled in 2018 (0.8%), 2 cows were culled in 2019 (1.3%), and 2 heads were culled in 2020 (1.4%). Due to injuries in 2018, 1 cow was discarded (0.8%), in 2019 1 cow was culled (0.8%), in 2020 1 cow was culled (0.7%). In 2018, the most common pathology of the postpartum period was vulvo vaginitis 8%, endometritis - 6.5%, artificially acquired infertility - 0.8%. In 2019, 9.8% of cows had endometritis; vaginitis, vulvitis, cervicitis - 8.3%, artificially acquired infertility was 0.8%. In 2020, endometritis was 17%, vaginitis, vulvitis, cervicitis - 9.2%, artificially acquired infertility was 0.8. According to the results of the research, the therapeutic efficacy was higher in the experimental group, where the therapy of cows with acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis using the drug sepranol and amoxicillin-150 was used.
 The total number of days of infertility in the control group was 125 days, in the experimental - 60 days. In terms of 1 head it is: in the control group - 25 days, in the experimental -12 days. The duration of the period from birth to fertilization in the control group is 55 days, in the experimental group - 42 days.