Abstract:The biological production of succinic acid has attracted a great deal of attention due to the depletion of fossil fuels and concerns regarding environmental issues. As a natural producer of succinic acid, Actinobacillus succinogenes is one of the most promising candidates owning to its high production capability, wide carbon utilization spectrum, and robustness to environmental factors. This review details current achievements attempting to improve the efficiency of succinic acid production, not only in terms … Show more
“…A distinctive capacity to utilize a broad spectrum of carbon sources, including monosaccharides, both pentoses and hexoses, disaccharides, and polyhydroxy alcohols, is one of the most significant features for industrial producers of bulk chemicals [2]. Biochemical tests based on the API 50CHE system revealed that the Enterobacter sp.…”
Section: Transport and Metabolism Of Carbon Sourcesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…LU1 is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, wild-type bacterium that has been isolated from goat rumen by bacterial enrichment and selective culture for succinic acid (SA)-producing bacteria [1]. SA, with a molecular formula of C 4 H 6 O 4 , is natural organic acid that exists in animals, plants, and microorganisms [2]. It has been recognized as one of the top 10 most promising C4-chemical building blocks with prospects for bio-based commercial production [3,4].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, depletion of fossil fuels and our ever-increasing concern about environmental pollution urge us to establish sustainable processes for bio-based production of high-valuable commodity and specialty chemicals from waste feedstock. Compared with petrochemical synthesis, biotechnological production of SA is characterized by high efficiency, low cost, and renewability of substrates [2]. Therefore, a sustainable, ecofriendly process for microbial production of SA from renewable feedstock has become a focal point of global interest [9][10][11][12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Actinobacillus succinogenes and Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens are considered to be promising SA biocatalysts for industrial application due to their high production efficiency [2]. Basfia succiniciproducens and Mannheimia succiniciproducens are other microorganisms that have been recognized as native succinate producers [13,14].…”
Enterobacter sp. LU1, a wild-type bacterium originating from goat rumen, proved to be a potential succinic acid producer in previous studies. Here, the first complete genome of this strain was obtained and analyzed from a biotechnological perspective. A hybrid sequencing approach combining short (Illumina MiSeq) and long (ONT MinION) reads allowed us to obtain a single continuous chromosome 4,636,526 bp in size, with an average 55.6% GC content that lacked plasmids. A total of 4425 genes, including 4283 protein-coding genes, 25 ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-, 84 transfer RNA (tRNA)-, and 5 non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-encoding genes and 49 pseudogenes, were predicted. It has been shown that genes involved in transport and metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids and the transcription process constitute the major group of genes, according to the Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) database. The genetic ability of the LU1 strain to metabolize a wide range of industrially relevant carbon sources has been confirmed. The genome exploration indicated that Enterobacter sp. LU1 possesses all genes that encode the enzymes involved in the glycerol metabolism pathway. It has also been shown that succinate can be produced as an end product of fermentation via the reductive branch of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and the glyoxylate pathway. The transport system involved in succinate excretion into the growth medium and the genes involved in the response to osmotic and oxidative stress have also been recognized. Furthermore, three intact prophage regions ~70.3 kb, ~20.9 kb, and ~49.8 kb in length, 45 genomic islands (GIs), and two clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) were recognized in the genome. Sequencing and genome analysis of Enterobacter sp. LU1 confirms many earlier results based on physiological experiments and provides insight into their genetic background. All of these findings illustrate that the LU1 strain has great potential to be an efficient platform for bio-based succinate production.
“…A distinctive capacity to utilize a broad spectrum of carbon sources, including monosaccharides, both pentoses and hexoses, disaccharides, and polyhydroxy alcohols, is one of the most significant features for industrial producers of bulk chemicals [2]. Biochemical tests based on the API 50CHE system revealed that the Enterobacter sp.…”
Section: Transport and Metabolism Of Carbon Sourcesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…LU1 is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, wild-type bacterium that has been isolated from goat rumen by bacterial enrichment and selective culture for succinic acid (SA)-producing bacteria [1]. SA, with a molecular formula of C 4 H 6 O 4 , is natural organic acid that exists in animals, plants, and microorganisms [2]. It has been recognized as one of the top 10 most promising C4-chemical building blocks with prospects for bio-based commercial production [3,4].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, depletion of fossil fuels and our ever-increasing concern about environmental pollution urge us to establish sustainable processes for bio-based production of high-valuable commodity and specialty chemicals from waste feedstock. Compared with petrochemical synthesis, biotechnological production of SA is characterized by high efficiency, low cost, and renewability of substrates [2]. Therefore, a sustainable, ecofriendly process for microbial production of SA from renewable feedstock has become a focal point of global interest [9][10][11][12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Actinobacillus succinogenes and Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens are considered to be promising SA biocatalysts for industrial application due to their high production efficiency [2]. Basfia succiniciproducens and Mannheimia succiniciproducens are other microorganisms that have been recognized as native succinate producers [13,14].…”
Enterobacter sp. LU1, a wild-type bacterium originating from goat rumen, proved to be a potential succinic acid producer in previous studies. Here, the first complete genome of this strain was obtained and analyzed from a biotechnological perspective. A hybrid sequencing approach combining short (Illumina MiSeq) and long (ONT MinION) reads allowed us to obtain a single continuous chromosome 4,636,526 bp in size, with an average 55.6% GC content that lacked plasmids. A total of 4425 genes, including 4283 protein-coding genes, 25 ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-, 84 transfer RNA (tRNA)-, and 5 non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-encoding genes and 49 pseudogenes, were predicted. It has been shown that genes involved in transport and metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids and the transcription process constitute the major group of genes, according to the Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) database. The genetic ability of the LU1 strain to metabolize a wide range of industrially relevant carbon sources has been confirmed. The genome exploration indicated that Enterobacter sp. LU1 possesses all genes that encode the enzymes involved in the glycerol metabolism pathway. It has also been shown that succinate can be produced as an end product of fermentation via the reductive branch of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and the glyoxylate pathway. The transport system involved in succinate excretion into the growth medium and the genes involved in the response to osmotic and oxidative stress have also been recognized. Furthermore, three intact prophage regions ~70.3 kb, ~20.9 kb, and ~49.8 kb in length, 45 genomic islands (GIs), and two clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) were recognized in the genome. Sequencing and genome analysis of Enterobacter sp. LU1 confirms many earlier results based on physiological experiments and provides insight into their genetic background. All of these findings illustrate that the LU1 strain has great potential to be an efficient platform for bio-based succinate production.
“…The biotechnological production of succinic acid has been explored extensively using various biomass and agro-residues as precursors (e.g., sake lees, cane molasses, corn stover, corncob, bagasse, cassava root) (Yang et al 2019). However, only few attempts have been made using pineapple waste as the substrate for succinic acid production.…”
Background: Succinic acid is a crucial platform chemical for production of various industrially significant compounds. For a sustainable and eco-friendly process, succinic acid synthesis has been shifted towards the fermentative route using renewable biomass substrates. Pineapple consumption and processing generate an immense amount of waste from its non-edible peel portion. As a carbon source, pineapple peel can be valorized for succinic acid bioproduction.
Results: The hydrothermal pretreatment (121°C, 15 min) of pineapple peel waste resulted in the highest sugar release of 35.22 g/L (18 g/L glucose and 17 g/L fructose). The subsequent fermentation of pineapple peel hydrolysate was performed by a natural succinic acid producer, Actinobacillus succinogenes TISTR 1994. When the non-detoxified hydrolysate was used as a sole carbon source, 6.21 g/L of succinic acid was produced from 26.16 g/L of sugars. Additional supplementation of 9 g/L mixed nitrogen source enhanced the formation of succinic acid to 9.96 g/L from roughly the same amount of sugar. The current production conditions using mainly hydrolysate-based medium gave the succinic acid yield of 0.39 g/g sugar suggesting feasibilities for further improvement.
Conclusion: Bio-based succinic acid production was attempted for the first time using the solid pineapple waste as a main starting material. Results demonstrated a proof of concept that the abundant pineapple peel waste can serve as a renewable substrate for a low-cost, value-added bioconversion to succinic acid. Optimization of nutritional composition in hydrolysate is necessary to enhance the yield of succinic acid in future studies.
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