Comprehensive inventory of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L.: Can we connect genotype and chemotype?

Lange, B. Markus; Zager, Jordan J.

doi:10.1007/s11101-021-09780-2

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…C. sativa is considered as the single species of the genus Cannabis although 35 synonyms are known. Various subspecies, varieties (chemotypes) and cultivars of C. sativa are distinguished, being strong determinants for their use [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Pharmacognostic and Pharmacological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential, Limitations and Risks of Cannabis-Derived Products in Cancer Treatment

Woerdenbag

Olinga

Kok

et al. 2023

Cancers

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The application of cannabis products in oncology receives interest, especially from patients. Despite the plethora of research data available, the added value in curative or palliative cancer care and the possible risks involved are insufficiently proven and therefore a matter of debate. We aim to give a recommendation on the position of cannabis products in clinical oncology by assessing recent literature. Various types of cannabis products, characteristics, quality and pharmacology are discussed. Standardisation is essential for reliable and reproducible quality. The oromucosal/sublingual route of administration is preferred over inhalation and drinking tea. Cannabinoids may inhibit efflux transporters and drug-metabolising enzymes, possibly inducing pharmacokinetic interactions with anticancer drugs being substrates for these proteins. This may enhance the cytostatic effect and/or drug-related adverse effects. Reversely, it may enable dose reduction. Similar interactions are likely with drugs used for symptom management treating pain, nausea, vomiting and anorexia. Cannabis products are usually well tolerated and may improve the quality of life of patients with cancer (although not unambiguously proven). The combination with immunotherapy seems undesirable because of the immunosuppressive action of cannabinoids. Further clinical research is warranted to scientifically support (refraining from) using cannabis products in patients with cancer.

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Section: Pharmacognostic and Pharmacological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential, Limitations and Risks of Cannabis-Derived Products in Cancer Treatment

Woerdenbag

Olinga

Kok

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…Cannabinoids are a large chemical family with 130 currently known distinct chemical species (13) grouped into 10 structural types (14). Undeniably, the best understood are the cannabidiol (CBD) (15) and psychoactive Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, THCA, CBDA, CBCA may undergo nonenzymatic decarboxylation into the better-known THC, CBD, or cannabichromene. Lastly, cannabinoids may also undergo spontaneous rearrangements that are responsible the structural variation found within this chemical family (12,13,22). Despite the recent advances in the understanding of the cannabinoid biosynthetic pathway, the origin of hexanoic acid (also known as caproic acid) remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30.502131 doi: bioRxiv preprint cannabichromene. Lastly, cannabinoids may also undergo spontaneous rearrangements that are responsible the structural variation found within this chemical family (12,13,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabis sativa oxylipin biosynthesis: Genome-wide characterization of lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase, hydroperoxide lyase, and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase gene families

Borrego

Robertson

Taylor

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Cannabis sativa is a global multi-billion-dollar cash crop with numerous industrial uses, including in medicine and recreation where its value is largely owed to the production of pharmacological and psychoactive metabolites known as cannabinoids. Often underappreciated in this role, the lipoxygenase (LOX)-derived green leaf volatiles (GLVs), also known as the scent of cut grass, are the hypothetical origin of hexanoic acid, the initial substrate for cannabinoid biosynthesis. The LOX pathway is best known as the primary source of plant oxylipins, molecules analogous to the eicosanoids from mammalian systems. These molecules are chemically and functionally diverse group of fatty acid-derived signals that govern nearly all biological processes including plant defense and development. The interaction between oxylipin and cannabinoid biosynthetic pathways remains to be explored. Despite their unique importance in this crop, there has not been a comprehensive investigation focusing on the genes responsible for oxylipin biosynthesis in any Cannabis species. This study documents the first genome-wide catalogue of the Cannabis sativa oxylipin biosynthetic genes and identified 21 LOX, five allene oxide synthases (AOS), three allene oxide cyclases (AOC), one hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), and five 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductases (OPR). Gene collinearity analysis found chromosomal regions containing several isoforms maintained across Cannabis, Arabidopsis, and tomato. Promoter, expression, weighted co-expression genetic network, and functional enrichment analysis provide evidence of tissue- and cultivar-specific transcription and roles for distinct isoforms in oxylipin and cannabinoid biosynthesis. This knowledge facilitates future targeted approaches towards Cannabis crop improvement and for the manipulation of cannabinoid metabolism.

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Cannabis monoterpene synthases: evaluating structure–function relationships

Lange

Srividya

2023

Phytochem Rev

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Comprehensive inventory of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L.: Can we connect genotype and chemotype?

Cited by 11 publications

References 153 publications

Potential, Limitations and Risks of Cannabis-Derived Products in Cancer Treatment

Potential, Limitations and Risks of Cannabis-Derived Products in Cancer Treatment

Cannabis sativa oxylipin biosynthesis: Genome-wide characterization of lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase, hydroperoxide lyase, and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase gene families

Cannabis monoterpene synthases: evaluating structure–function relationships

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