Comprehensive Impacts of Climate Change on Rice Production and Adaptive Strategies in China

Abstract

The rice production system is one of the most climate change sensitive agro-ecosystems. This paper reviews the effects of current and future climate change on rice production in China. In recent decades, thermal resources have increased during the rice growing season, while solar radiation resources have decreased, and precipitation heterogeneity has increased. The increasing frequency of high-temperature stress, heavy rainfall, drought, and flood disasters may reduce the utilization efficiency of hydrothermal resources. Climate change, thus far, has resulted in a significant northward shift in the potential planting boundaries of single- and double-cropping rice production systems, which negatively affects the growth duration of single-, early-, and late-cropping rice. Studies based on statistical and process-based crop models show that climate change has affected rice production in China. The effects of climate change on the yield of single rice (SR), early rice (ER), and late rice (LR) were significant; however, the results of different methods and different rice growing areas were different to some extent. The trend of a longer growth period and higher yield of rice reflects the ability of China’s rice production system to adapt to climate change by adjusting planting regionalization and improving varieties and cultivation techniques. The results of the impact assessment under different climate scenarios indicated that the rice growth period would shorten and yield would decrease in the future. This means that climate change will seriously affect China’s rice production and food security. Further research requires a deeper understanding of abiotic stress physiology and its integration into ecophysiological models to reduce the uncertainty of impact assessment and expand the systematicness of impact assessment.

Trend Analysis and Projection of Climate Variables Using the LARS-WG Model in Coastal Areas of China

“…The surface air temperature observed in 2022 was the second-highest recorded temperature in China since 1961, providing evidence that China is experiencing increasing warmth as a result of climate change (Wang et al, 2022). The rise in air temperature has adversely affected crop production in numerous regions of China, with the coastal area being particularly vulnerable to the effects of increasing temperatures (Chandio et al, 2022;Saud et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2023a). According to the findings of Chandio et al (2022), the increasing air temperatures have had a significant negative impact on rice and wheat production in Sichuan province.…”

“…Particularly, China is currently experiencing extreme weather, including escalating heat waves and powerful storms in several sections of the nation (Duan et al, 2016;Sun et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2019;Zhao, 2020). The coastal regions of China are particularly susceptible to the effects of climate change due to the complex interplay of land-ocean-atmosphere dynamics, which jeopardizes national food security (Cai et al, 2021;Disasa et al, 2024;Saud et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2023a;Wang et al, 2021).…”

“…Projections of climate variables, including precipitation and air temperature, hold significant importance due to their influence on monthly and seasonal changes and variations. These factors have a profound impact on crucial aspects such as planting dates, growth duration, and irrigation scheduling (Saud et al, 2022;Tao et al, 2016). Hence, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the baseline trend of arithmetic mean monthly precipitation using conventional trend analysis and the innovative polygon trend analysis (IPTA) method.…”

Pyramiding of Multiple Genes to Improve Rice Blast Resistance of Photo-Thermo Sensitive Male Sterile Line, without Yield Penalty in Hybrid Rice Production

“…Rice is one of the most important crops in the world, feeding more than half of the world’s population. More than 60% of the population in China take rice as their staple food [ 1 ]. Rice blast, caused by pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae , is one of the most serious diseases affecting rice production [ 2 ].…”

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

“…Due to the deep involvement and tangled behavior of soil nutrient properties, climatic conditions, management measures, and crop varieties, more often, it is very difficult to determine the peremptory variable for change in grain yield ( Hirzel and Matus, 2013 ; Fahad et al, 2017 ; EL Sabagh et al, 2021 ). A detailed and deep understanding of how to differentiate the impacts of the influencing variables on the grain yield may provide worthy knowledge for insights into the development of sustainable rice systems in the face of future projected climate change and scarcity of resources ( Mahdu and Mills, 2019 ; Saud et al, 2022 ). Therefore, the objectives of this study were to conduct thorough investigations and provide insights into the recent advances in major pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice systems and suggest agronomic management measures to interactively increase the N uptake by plants, thus reducing N losses and environmental hazards, and improving the grain yield and widespread adaptation of aerobic rice system.…”