Comprehensive Immunoprofiles of Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes

Kim, Moonsik; Joo, Jin Woo; Lee, Seok Joo; Cho, Yoon Ah; Park, Cheol Keun; Cho, Nam Hoon

doi:10.3390/cancers12030602

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Afterward, an interventional radiology biopsy of the left-sided renal mass revealed invasive RCC with clear cell features associated with extensive necrosis. An immunohistological evaluation showed that the biopsy was positive for CD10, vimentin, and Pax8 [ 13 , 14 ], which confirmed the diagnosis of renal origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Recurrent Large Volume Malignant Pleural Effusion in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma

Hutchinson

Fakhouri

Raudales

2021

Cureus

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Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) due to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is extremely rare, accounting for only 1%-2% of all malignant pleural effusions. This paper presents a case report of a 56-year-old male who presented with a chief complaint of bilateral flank pain with dyspnea and was diagnosed with RCC via immunopathologic pleural fluid analysis and who persistently had recurrent large volume pleural effusion. A 56-year-old male who had a recent admission for dyspnea secondary to a right-sided pleural effusion underwent thoracentesis and returned to the hospital for his worsening shortness of breath. He was found to have recurrent pleural effusion. Thoracentesis studies revealed an exudative pleural effusion positive for malignant cells showing adenocarcinoma, which had an immunopathologic profile (WT-1 and PAX8) favoring an adenocarcinoma of kidney origin. The patient underwent chest tube placement, followed by chemical pleurodesis with 4.3 L of bloody fluid drained immediately. Subsequent x-rays taken while the chest tube was in place showed worsening reaccumulating pleural effusion. A repeat CT scan showed a large right pleural effusion with loculated collections. The patient then underwent right video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, which revealed a loculated effusion with pleural carcinomatosis that was biopsypositive for RCC. This report presents a rare case displaying how RCC pleural carcinomatosis can cause a patient to present with dyspnea secondary to a pleural effusion, which was revealed to be RCC upon fluid cytology and immunohistopathology studies. This case demonstrates that RCC can cause recurrent large volume MPE, which has not been widely reported in contemporary literature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Recurrent Large Volume Malignant Pleural Effusion in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma

Hutchinson

Fakhouri

Raudales

2021

Cureus

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“…Immunostaining for vimentin was invariably extensive as is typical for human tissues of mesenchymal origin. The accompanying positivity for CD10 in three of the 10 rat tumours could fit for humans [ 10 ]. MNF 116 positivity seems to be a useful characteristic for some rat renal tumours but does not feature for human renal cancer [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat Tumour Histopathology Associated with Experimental Chronic Dietary Exposure to Ochratoxin A in Prediction of the Mycotoxin’s Risk for Human Cancers

Herman¹,

Mantle

2021

Toxins

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Mammalian animal toxicity of ochratoxin A (OTA) has focused largely in the past half-century on pigs because of initial recognition of it as a principal cause of intermittent growth suppression and renal disease caused by mouldy feed. Subsequent classical toxicology has used laboratory rodents because renal pathology in pigs raised questions concerning possible involvement in the human idiopathic bilateral renal atrophy of Balkan endemic nephropathy for which OTA was a focus of attention for human nephropathy through 1980s and into 2000s. Emphasis on human nephropathy has more recently concerned the plant metabolite aristolochic acid. Recognition that agricultural management can often minimise food and feed-stuff spoilage by OTA-producing Aspergilli and Penicillia has moderated some of the risks for animals. Legislation for human food safety combined with sophisticated analysis generally provides safety in the developed world. Chronic experimental exposure of male rats, in the absence of clinical dis-ease, specifically causes renal cancer. The possibility of this as a unique model for the human has generated considerable experimental evidence which may be more directly relevant for carcinogenesis in the complex kidney than that obtained from biochemical toxicities in vitro. Nevertheless, there does not appear to be any case of human renal or urinary tract cancer for which there is verified etiological proof for causation by OTA, contrary to much claim in the literature. To contribute to such debate, histopathology review of OTA/rat renal cancers, augmented where appropriate by immune profiles, has been completed for all remaining tumours in our research archive. Overall consistency of positivity for vimentin, is matched with occasional positives either for CD10 or the cytokeratin MNF 116. The current situation is discussed. Suggestion that OTA could cause human testicular cancer has also been challenged as unsupported by any experimental findings in rats, where the Leydig cell tumour immune profile does not match that of human germ cell neoplasms.

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“…The biological function of DDX3X is altered in part by its interactive molecules [9]. The results of a recent study showing the comprehensive immunoprofiles of renal cell carcinoma subtypes illustrated the possible reason [24]. The major difference was uncovered and shown that the c-kit protein was positively expressed in renal chromophobe, while its expression level was negative in renal clear cell carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DDX3X is Epigenetically Repressed in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Serves as a Prognostic Indicator and Therapeutic Target in Cancer Progression

Lin

2020

IJMS

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DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 3, X-linked (DDX3X) is a member of the DEAD-box family of RNA helicases whose function has been revealed to be involved in RNA metabolism. Recent studies further indicate the abnormal expression in pan-cancers and the relevant biological effects on modulating cancer progression. However, DDX3X’s role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progression remains largely unknown. In this study, a medical informatics-based analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was performed to evaluate clinical prognoses related to DDX3X. The results suggest that DDX3X is epigenetically repressed in tumor tissue and that lower DDX3X is correlated with the poor overall survival of RCC patients and high tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (TNM staging system). Furthermore, knowledge-based transcriptomic analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that the SPINK1-metallothionein pathway is a top 1-repressed canonical signaling pathway by DDX3X. Furthermore, SPINK1 and the metallothionein gene family all serve as poor prognostic indicators, and the expression levels of those genes are inversely correlated with DDX3X in RCC. Furthermore, digoxin was identified via Connectivity Map analysis (L1000) for its capability to reverse gene signatures in patients with low DDX3X. Importantly, cancer cell proliferation and migration were decreased upon digoxin treatment in RCC cells. The results of this study indicate the significance of the DDX3Xlow/SPINK1high/metallothioneinhigh axis for predicting poor survival outcome in RCC patients and suggest digoxin as a precise and personalized compound for curing those patients with low DDX3X expression levels.

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Comprehensive Immunoprofiles of Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Recurrent Large Volume Malignant Pleural Effusion in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma

Recurrent Large Volume Malignant Pleural Effusion in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma

Rat Tumour Histopathology Associated with Experimental Chronic Dietary Exposure to Ochratoxin A in Prediction of the Mycotoxin’s Risk for Human Cancers

DDX3X is Epigenetically Repressed in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Serves as a Prognostic Indicator and Therapeutic Target in Cancer Progression

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