Comprehensive human health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in urban soils: insights from selected metropolitan zones
Harris Ayaz,
Rab Nawaz,
Iqra Nasim
et al.
Abstract:Introduction: This study aims to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination in urban soils in sixteen selected cities of Pakistan, encompassing the elements cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu).Methods: The data utilized for this study was collected from online literature during the period 2005 to 2019. This study investigated potential threats to human health through a comprehensive analysis, considering standards such as E… Show more
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