Comprehensive guidance on the diagnosis and management of primary mesenchymal tumours of the thyroid gland

Gubbi, Sriram; Thakur, Shilpa; Avadhanula, Shirisha; Araque, Katherine A; Filie, Armando C.; Welch, James; Rivero, Jaydira Del; Kebebew, Electron; Burman, Kenneth D.; Wartofsky, Léonard; Kłubo-Gwieździńska, Joanna

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30332-6

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an endocrine neoplasia with a high incidence of lymphatic metastasis and is associated with regional recurrence. [1][2][3] The incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with thyroid cancer has been reported to be 20%-90%. 4 The presence of CLNM might increase the risk of locoregional recurrence after surgery, 5 6 worsening prognosis and survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

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ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US), CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).MethodsMedline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Embase were searched to identify studies published till 5 December 2021 that used US and CT to detect CLNM in patients with PTC. The primary outcomes were sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic ORs in neck-level-based (lymph nodes are analysed by neck level) or patient-based (lymph nodes are analysed by patient) analysis. Secondary outcomes were sensitivity, specificity and DORs in the central and lateral compartments.ResultsFourteen studies (6167 patients with 11 601 neck lymph nodes) met the inclusion criteria. Based on the neck-level-based analysis, the pooled sensitivity, specificity and DORs were 0.35 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.37), 0.95 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.95) and 13.94 (95% CI 9.34 to 20.82) for US, were 0.46 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.47), 0.88 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.89) and 7.24 (95% CI 5.46 to 9.62) for CT, were 0.51 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.52), 0.85 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.86), 6.01 (95% CI 3.84 to 9.40) for the combination of US and CT. In the patient-based analysis, the pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity and DOR were 0.41 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.46), 0.92 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.94) and 7.56 (95% CI 4.08 to 14.01) for US, were 0.49 (0.44 to 0.54), 0.91 (0.89 to 0.94), 9.40 (5.79 to 15.27) for CT, and were 0.64 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.71), 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.88), 8.59 (95% CI 5.37 to 13.76) for the combination of US and CT.DiscussionThese findings suggest US, with a DOR almost twice that of CT in the neck-level-based analysis, was superior to CT in detecting CLNM in patients with PTC, especially in the lateral compartment. The combination of US and CT increased the sensitivity from 41%–49% for the individual modalities to 64% for combined modalities in the patient-based analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an endocrine neoplasia with a high incidence of lymphatic metastasis and is associated with regional recurrence 1–3. The incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with thyroid cancer has been reported to be 20%–90% 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

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“…Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma such as papillary, follicular and Hürthle cell carcinoma account for more than 95% of all cases, while other subtypes are less frequently seen [ 1 ]. Mesenchymal thyroid neoplasms are exceedingly rare among which Ewing sarcoma (ES) represents only 2% [ 2 ]. ES is a member of the so-called “small round blue cell” tumors, most commonly arising in bone and most frequently found in children and adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Extra-Osseous Ewing Sarcoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Seipel

Mechahougui

Mach

et al. 2021

Head and Neck Pathol

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Extra-osseous Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor found in a variety of organs. Primary ES of the thyroid is exceedingly rare and few cases have been documented to date. We describe the case of a 54-year old woman with a history of breast carcinoma in whom a unique hypermetabolic left thyroid nodule was identified during a follow-up PET-CT scan. An ultrasound examination showed a hypoechogenic nodule of 3.7 cm. A cytological diagnosis of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma was made, and a total thyroidectomy was performed. The surgical specimen revealed a poorly differentiated neoplasm composed of medium-sized cells with scant cytoplasm, expressing pancytokeratin, CD99 and NKX2.2 but lacking p63 and p40 expression. Molecular analysis revealed a EWSR1-FLI1 fusion transcript supporting the diagnosis of a primary extra-osseous ES of the thyroid. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and has no evidence of recurrent disease.

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Primary Mesenchymal Tumors of the Thyroid

Hu,

Kassu,

Kebebew

2023

Practical Management of Thyroid Cancer

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Comprehensive guidance on the diagnosis and management of primary mesenchymal tumours of the thyroid gland

Cited by 8 publications

References 65 publications

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, CT and their combination in detecting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Primary Extra-Osseous Ewing Sarcoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Primary Mesenchymal Tumors of the Thyroid

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