Comprehensive geospatial mapping and monitoring of an eastern coalfield in India

Abstract

Geospatial mapping and monitoring are crucial for designing slopes in opencast mining, as failure can result in significant economic and life loss. To overcome these issues, the present investigation evaluated the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated using high resolution Cartosat-1 satellite imagery. Simultaneously, mapping of shaded relief map, aspect map and slope maps was done for the monitoring of Shatabdi opencast coal mine of Jharia region, an eastern coalfield region of India. Shaded relief map was categorized in to low, moderate and high categories and maximum area was covered by moderate to high shades. The constructed aspect map encompasses the range between 0 and 360 degrees of direction, with categorization and representation through distinct colors. The slope map was classified into various categories based on degrees of slope, including very gentle, gentle, moderate, moderately steep, steep, and very steep slopes. The maps were ground validated using Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) collected data points by field visit in the region. For opencast mines to operate safely and profitably, slope stability in different stages of mining must be mapped and monitored. The study synthesizes data from diverse sources, highlighting the role of geospatial technology in addressing multiple research gaps within the mining industries prior to leveraging Cartosat-1 satellite data. Slope mapping and monitoring of coalfield regions are crucial to reducing construction costs, mitigation of natural hazard risks like flooding and landslides, and effective conservation of natural resources such as soils, vegetation, and water systems. The present study benefits policymakers, environmental planners and government in formulating policies to ensure safety, reliability, and enhance the economic growth of workers and the country.