Comprehensive experimental and statistical analysis of the effects of salinity gradient, temperature gradient, air bubbles on the performance of underwater wireless optical communication link

Bubbles-induced turbulence poses a significant challenge to the stability of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system. Existing methods for understanding channel characteristics rely on the pilot information from the feed-back channel, which are ineffective and inaccurate due to the rapidly changing nature of the underwater channel. We propose a machine-vision-based channel prediction mechanism which contains three modules of motion judgment module, image processing module and scintillation index (SI) prediction module. The mechanism captures images of bubbles and calculates the bubble density. Subsequently, a relational function is applied to acquire the predicted SI which quantifies the impacts of bubbles on the channel. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism.

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Simultaneous measurement of water temperature and salinity using Raman spectroscopy

Taylor,

Kitzler,

Curtis

et al. 2024

Opt. Continuum

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We present a method to simultaneously determine water temperature and salinity, which uses a pulsed excitation laser and a three-channel Raman spectrometer. The method relies on the systematic dependence of the Raman OH stretching band on temperature and salinity, and is compatible with LiDAR techniques. We have measured the variation of the OH stretching band in two seawater samples and a NaCl solution, and constructed a linear mapping between signal ratios derived from the three spectral channels and the temperature and salinity of each sample. For the natural seawater this approach has been determined by cross-validation to have a predictive accuracy of ±1.6 PSU and ±0.5 °C.

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Comprehensive experimental and statistical analysis of the effects of salinity gradient, temperature gradient, air bubbles on the performance of underwater wireless optical communication link

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of sea surface waves and bubbles on the performance of underwater-to-air optical wireless communication system

Influence of sea surface waves and bubbles on the performance of underwater-to-air optical wireless communication system

Bubbles-induced turbulence channel prediction mechanism based on machine vision in underwater wireless optical communication

Simultaneous measurement of water temperature and salinity using Raman spectroscopy

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