Comprehensive Evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Layer Performance With Retransmissions

Faridi, Azadeh; Palattella, Maria Rita; Lozano, Angel; Dohler, Mischa; Boggia, Gennaro; Grieco, Luigi Alfredo; Camarda, P.

doi:10.1109/tvt.2010.2063720

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…In this mode, access to channel is based on unslotted CSMA/CA mechanism. Mostly, this mode is used by the infrastructureless mesh topologies, where no synchronization is required for communication between the coordinator and sensor nodes [29]. On the other hand, in the beacon-enabled mode, coordinator transmits a superframe consisting of active and inactive periods, which are bounded by the beacons.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Backoff Mechanism for IEEE 802.15.4 Beacon-Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

Henna

Sarwar

2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Carrier sense multiple access mechanism with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) in IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless body area networks (WBANs) may impair the transmission reliability of emergency traffic under high traffic loads, which may result in loss of high valued medical information. Majority of the recent proposals recommend an early retransmission of failed frame while ignoring the history of past failed transmissions. More importantly, these proposals do not consider the number of failed transmissions experienced by each sensor node, thereby affecting the reliability of retransmissions. In this paper, we propose a dynamic retransmission adaptive intelligent MAC (RAI-MAC) scheme. In our proposed scheme retransmission class of each sensor node is decided by the coordinator according to the number of failed transmissions of each node as observed by the coordinator during the last superframe. Based on the retransmission class received from the coordinator, each node adjusts its next backoff value. The proposed scheme increases the probability of successful frame retransmissions without incurring extra overhead. The simulation results prove that the proposed scheme based on its adaptive retransmission mechanism achieves higher average throughput and average end-to-end delay, while not compromising on energy efficiency as compared to the IEEE 802.15.4 and Block Acknowledgment (Block Ack). Moreover, our scheme appears more stable in terms of average throughput, end-to-end delay, and energy efficiency under different values of beacon order (BO) and superframe order (SO).

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Backoff Mechanism for IEEE 802.15.4 Beacon-Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

Henna

Sarwar

2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…The analysis of the packet delay, throughput, and power consumption of IEEE 802.15.4 WSNs has been the focus of the simulations-based study [11], and some more recent analytical works, e.g., [4], [12] - [15]. Inspired by Bianchi's work, a Markov model for IEEE 802.15.4 and an extension with ACK mechanism have been proposed in [4].…”

Section: Analytical Model Of Macmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inspired by Bianchi's work, a Markov model for IEEE 802.15.4 and an extension with ACK mechanism have been proposed in [4]. A modified Markov model including retransmissions with finite retry limits has been studied in [12] as an attempt to model the slotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism. In [13], a throughput analysis has been performed by an extension of the Markov chain model proposed [14].…”

Section: Analytical Model Of Macmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We remark here that the analytical models available from the literature use numerical methods [4], [12] - [15] or a contraction mapping technique [16], [17] to solve nonlinear equations, which is a major drawback for in-network processing [18]. The computation complexity and computing time of optimization tools in WSNs are critical factors since the typical micro-controller does not support well a heavy computing.…”

Section: Analytical Model Of Macmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and Optimization of the IEEE 802.15.4 Protocol for Reliable and Timely Communications

Park

Marco

Fischione

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.

127

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This is an author produced version of a paper published in IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proofcorrections or proceedings pagination.© 2013 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. Abstract-Distributed processing through ad hoc and sensor networks is having a major impact on scale and applications of computing. The creation of new cyber-physical services based on wireless sensor devices relies heavily on how well communication protocols can be adapted and optimized to meet quality constraints under limited energy resources. The IEEE 802.15.4 medium access control protocol for wireless sensor networks can support energy efficient, reliable, and timely packet transmission by a parallel and distributed tuning of the medium access control parameters. Such a tuning is difficult, because simple and accurate models of the influence of these parameters on the probability of successful packet transmission, packet delay, and energy consumption are not available. Moreover, it is not clear how to adapt the parameters to the changes of the network and traffic regimes by algorithms that can run on resource-constrained devices. In this paper, a Markov chain is proposed to model these relations by simple expressions without giving up the accuracy. In contrast to previous work, the presence of limited number of retransmissions, acknowledgments, unsaturated traffic, packet size, and packet copying delay due to hardware limitations is accounted for. The model is then used to derive a distributed adaptive algorithm for minimizing the power consumption while guaranteeing a given successful packet reception probability and delay constraints in the packet transmission. The algorithm does not require any modification of the IEEE 802.15.4 medium access control and can be easily implemented on network devices. The algorithm has been experimentally implemented and evaluated on a test-bed with off-the-shelf wireless sensor devices. Experimental results show that the analysis is accurate, that the proposed algorithm satisfies reliability and delay constraints, and that the approach reduces the energy consumption of the network under both stationary and transient conditions. Specifically, even if the number of devices and traffic configuration change sharply, the proposed parallel and distributed algorithm allows the system to operate close to its optimal state by estimating the busy channel and channel access probabilities. Furthermore, results indicate that the protocol reacts promptly to errors in the estimation of the number of devices and in the traffic load that can appear due to device mobility. It is also sh...

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“…Markov chains based analytical model are proposed to evaluate the slotted CSMA-CA algorithm in the MAC layer. MAC protocol with ACK frame transmission [2], retransmissions [3] and throughput limit [4] are studied with the above-mentioned models. Bottlenecks of IEEE 802.15.4 are analyzed and different mechanisms are proposed to enhance its performance [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of the Adaptive CSMA-CA Algorithm Based on Traffic Load

Zhu¹,

Liu³

2014

IJFGCN

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Comprehensive Evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Layer Performance With Retransmissions

Cited by 73 publications

References 8 publications

An Adaptive Backoff Mechanism for IEEE 802.15.4 Beacon-Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

An Adaptive Backoff Mechanism for IEEE 802.15.4 Beacon-Enabled Wireless Body Area Networks

Modeling and Optimization of the IEEE 802.15.4 Protocol for Reliable and Timely Communications

Implementation of the Adaptive CSMA-CA Algorithm Based on Traffic Load

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