Comprehensive Evaluation of Degradable and Cost-Effective Plasmonic Nanoshells for Localized Photothermolysis of Cancer Cells

Abstract

Integrating the concept of biodegradation and light-triggered localized therapy in a functional nanoformulation is the current approach in onco-nanomedicine. Morphology control with an enhanced photothermal response, minimal toxicity, and X-ray attenuation of polymer-based nanoparticles is a critical concern for image-guided photothermal therapy. Herein, we describe the simple design of cost-effective and degradable polycaprolactone-based plasmonic nanoshells for the integrated photothermolysis as well as localized imaging of cancer cells. The gold-deposited polycaprolactonebased plasmonic nanoshells (AuPCL NS) are synthesized in a scalable and facile way under ambient conditions. The synthesized nanoshells are monodisperse, fairly stable, and highly inert even at five times (250 μg/ mL) the therapeutic concentration in a week-long test. AuPCL NS are capable of delivering standalone photothermal therapy for the complete ablation of cancer cells without using any anticancerous drugs and causing toxicity. It delivers the same therapeutic efficacy to different cancer cell lines, irrespective of their chemorefractory status and also works as a potential computed tomography contrast agent for the integrated imaging-directed photothermal cancer therapy. High biocompatibility, degradability, and promising photothermal efficacy of AuPCL NS are attractive aspects of this report that could open new horizons of localized plasmonic photothermal therapy for healthcare applications.

Rationally Designed Furocarbazoles as Multifunctional Aggregation Induced Emissive Luminogens for the Sensing of Trinitrophenol (TNP) and Cell Imaging

“…Fluorescence imaging of biological cells and tissues and real‐time monitoring of biosamples reveal information of biological structures, providing accurate diagnostic tools and treatment of disease . Luminogens or AIEgens which can lit up under the influence of bio‐environment are regarded as prospective candidates to be used as fluorescent bioprobes.…”

Human serum albumin-based nanoparticles alter raloxifene administration and improve bioavailability

“…The absorbance of the supernatant was recorded with an ELISA microplate reader at 540 nm. The hemolysis percentage of the samples was calculated using the following equation (Chauhan et al, 2019 ):…”

Design and Development of Axially Chiral Bis(naphthofuran) Luminogens as Fluorescent Probes for Cell Imaging

“…[53][54][55] After the confirmation of cellular uptake, ac ellular localisation study was carriedo ut on L929 cells by using confocal laser imaging to determine the extento fi nternalisation in the cell and the effect on cell morphology. [56] The cellular uptake of S4 in MD-MB-231 cancer cells was analysed by seedingt he cancer cells on sterile coverslips in 12-well plates (50 000 cells per well) and incubating for 24 h. Next, 25 mgmL À1 S4 was added to the well plates and incubation performed for af urther 24 h. The excessm ateriali nt he cells was washed gently with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and then 4% paraformaldehydew as used to fix the cells for 15 min, followed by washing with PBS. 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole( DAPI;2mgmL À1 ) was used for nuclear staining over ap eriod of 5min.…”