Comprehensive endocrine response to acute stress in the bottlenose dolphin from serum, blubber, and feces

Champagne, Cory D.; Kellar, Nicholas M.; Trego, Marisa L.; Delehanty, Brendan; Boonstra, Rudy; Wasser, Samuel K.; Booth, Rebecca K.; Crocker, Daniel E.; Houser, Dorian S.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.015

Cited by 64 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In a similarly designed study to ours, but in the bottlenose dolphin, animals were removed from the water for 2 h. Serum cortisol and aldosterone were elevated within 15 and 45 min from removal from water, respectively, and concentrations remained elevated during the 2 h out-of-water time frame (Champagne et al, 2018). However, due to the increased length of time for the stress test in dolphins, concentrations of both hormones had peaked and were already returning to baseline prior to the end of the stress test (Champagne et al, 2018). It is possible that negative feedback of the HPA axis had already begun to occur in the bottlenose dolphin during the time out-of-water (Champagne et al, 2018) and due to the short duration of our test, may not have in the killer whale.…”

Section: Biological Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 72%

“…However, due to the increased length of time for the stress test in dolphins, concentrations of both hormones had peaked and were already returning to baseline prior to the end of the stress test (Champagne et al, 2018). It is possible that negative feedback of the HPA axis had already begun to occur in the bottlenose dolphin during the time out-of-water (Champagne et al, 2018) and due to the short duration of our test, may not have in the killer whale.…”

Section: Biological Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

“…In an attempt to stimulate the adrenal cortex and induce a biological stress response, we used an out-of-water stress response test similar, but shorter in duration (20 min versus 2 h), to a previously published work in bottlenose dolphins (Champagne et al, 2018). All animals had been preconditioned for routine entry into the medical pool for a minimum of 2 years prior to study initiation.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obviously in wild animals, pre-capture sampling is not possible and all samples collected in these studies could be influenced by the stress of capture. The length and duration of capture and restraint times and blood collection time intervals during and after the stressor will influence results, as demonstrated in bottlenose dolphins by Champagne et al (2018) and in the beluga (Schmitt et al, 2010). Experimental design for biological stress response studies should take these considerations into account.…”

Section: Biological Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating and Excreted Corticosteroids and Metabolites, Hematological, and Serum Chemistry Parameters in the Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Before and After a Stress Response

et al. 2020

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Comparisons of circulating and excreted corticosteroid profiles during a biological stress response could provide more data concerning the timing and magnitude of acute hormone changes in different sample matrices. A stress test was performed in 13 zoo-based killer whales (Orcinus orca) whereby animals were elevated out of the water on a rising lift-bottom platform for 20 min. Paired blood and feces were tested for cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, and their metabolites and hematological and serum chemistry parameters. Circulating corticosteroids significantly increased during the stress test and returned to pre-treatment concentrations within 24 h, indicating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis activation. Concentrations of fecal corticosteroid metabolites did not change significantly during the stress test. Significant differences between pre-test levels and the stress test stage were observed for counts of white blood cells and absolute neutrophils, consistent with a stress leukogram. For serum chemistry, significant deviations from baseline levels were seen for the majority (20/37) of measured parameters. This study provides a direct measurement of the physiologic response of clinically healthy killer whales to a stress event. However, due to the lack of significant changes in fecal hormone metabolite profiles, further investigation of the excretory dynamics of corticosteroids during acute and chronic stress is warranted.

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Section: Biological Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Biological Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biological Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Circulating and Excreted Corticosteroids and Metabolites, Hematological, and Serum Chemistry Parameters in the Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Before and After a Stress Response

et al. 2020

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“…The stress of capture often influences baseline data such as blood cortisol and aldosterone levels (158). If baseline hormone values are the focus of a study, remote biopsy sampling of blubber can give an accurate indication of baseline stress hormone levels without the elevation caused by the stress of capture (159). However, the adrenal response to a stimulus such as capture may be of interest (35), and capture-release studies enable the evaluation of an individual's hypothalamic pituitary axis and whether or not the animal is capable of mounting an appropriate stress response (75).…”

Section: Stress Of Health Assessments (Alternative Perspective)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Assessments of Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Past, Present, and Potential Conservation Applications

et al. 2019

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The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a global marine mammal species for which some populations, due to their coastal accessibility, have been monitored diligently by scientists for decades. Health assessment examinations have developed a comprehensive knowledge base of dolphin biology, population structure, and environmental or anthropogenic stressors affecting their dynamics. Bottlenose dolphin health assessments initially started as stock assessments prior to acquisition. Over the last four decades, health assessments have evolved into essential conservation management tools of free-ranging dolphin populations. Baseline data enable comparison of stressors between geographic locations and associated changes in individual and population health status. In addition, long-term monitoring provides opportunities for insights into population shifts over time, with retrospective application of novel diagnostic tests on archived samples. Expanding scientific knowledge enables effective long-term conservation management strategies by facilitating informed decision making and improving social understanding of the anthropogenic effects. The ability to use bottlenose dolphins as a model for studying marine mammal health has been pivotal in our understanding of anthropogenic effects on multiple marine mammal species. Future studies aim to build on current knowledge to influence management decisions and species conservation. This paper reviews the historical approaches to dolphin health assessments, present day achievements, and development of future conservation goals.

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Untapped potential of physiology, behaviour and immune markers to predict range dynamics and marginality

Shultz

Britnell

Harvey

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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One in five vertebrate species is classified by the IUCN as vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered (Hoffmann et al., 2010). These declines and losses are largely attributed to anthropocentric changes in the environment such as land conversion, climate change, and unsustainable natural resource harvesting and extraction (Brook et al., 2008).Ultimately, range contraction and biodiversity loss are the end product of extrinsic or intrinsic challenges leading to population decline, emigration, and local extirpation. Across a species' range, populations occur

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Comprehensive endocrine response to acute stress in the bottlenose dolphin from serum, blubber, and feces

Cited by 64 publications

References 73 publications

Circulating and Excreted Corticosteroids and Metabolites, Hematological, and Serum Chemistry Parameters in the Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Before and After a Stress Response

Circulating and Excreted Corticosteroids and Metabolites, Hematological, and Serum Chemistry Parameters in the Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Before and After a Stress Response

Health Assessments of Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Past, Present, and Potential Conservation Applications

Untapped potential of physiology, behaviour and immune markers to predict range dynamics and marginality

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