Coal tar-based sealcoat (CTSC) products
are an urban source of
polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) to the environment. However,
efforts to assess the environmental fate and impacts of CTSC-derived
PACs are hindered by the ubiquity of (routinely monitored) PACs released
from other environmental sources. To advance source identification
of CTSC-derived PACs, we use comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-high
resolution mass spectrometry (GC × GC/HRMS) to characterize the
major and minor components of CTSC products in comparison to those
in other sources of PACs, viz., asphalt-based sealcoat products, diesel
particulate, diesel fuel, used motor oil and roofing shingles. GC
× GC/HRMS analyses of CTSC products led to the confident assignment
of compounds with 88 unique elemental compositions, which includes
a set of 240 individual PACs. Visualization of the resulting profiles
using Kendrick mass defect plots and hierarchical cluster analysis
highlighted compositional differences between the sources. Profiles
of alkylated PAHs, and heteroatomic (N, O, S) PACs enabled greater
specificity in source differentiation. Isomers of specific polycyclic
aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (PANHs) were diagnostic for coal tar-derived
PAC sources. The compounds identified and methods used for this identification
are anticipated to aid in future efforts on risk assessment and source
apportionment of PACs in environmental matrices.