Comprehensive Chemical Characterization of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Oil with a Focus on Minor Lipid Components

Oteri, Marianna; Bartolomeo, Giovanni; Rigano, Francesca; Aspromonte, Juan; Trovato, Emanuela; Purcaro, Giorgia; Dugo, Paola; Mondello, Luigi; Beccaria, Marco

doi:10.3390/foods12010023

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to the WGD event previously reported for S. hispanica (L. Li et al., 2023; L. Wang et al., 2022) shared with S. splendens , we identified an ancestral γ‐WGD event shared with other species. Seeds of S. splendens , having undergone these two WDGs, contain 34.5% ALA (Joh et al., 1988) compared with 62% in S. hispanica seeds (Oteri et al., 2023). Therefore, the higher ω‐3 production in S. hispanica compared to the other species studied here cannot be due to one of its WGD events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the Salvia spp., S. hispanica is the most nutritionally valuable crop due to its health-promoting properties, including high levels of dietary fiber (35%), carbohydrates (5%), protein (18%-24%), lipids (31%-34%), antioxidants, and essential vitamins (da Silva et al, 2017;Timilsena et al, 2016;Zare et al, 2019). Salvia hispanica seeds are rich in essential fatty acids (81%), including α-linolenic acid (ALA, ω-3, 62%) and linoleic acid (LA,19%) with low ω-6:ω-3 ratio (0.3), which makes it one of the best sources of plantbased ω-3 (Oteri et al, 2023). Several studies examining the effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3-PUFAs) supplementation on human health suggest that they may help reduce several chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular and inflammatory disorders, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and kidney dysfunction (Arredondo-Mendoza et al, 2020;Creus et al, 2017;El-Feky et al, 2022;Y.-X.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparative genomics points to tandem duplications of SAD gene clusters as drivers of increased α‐linolenic (ω‐3) content in S. hispanica seeds

Zare,

Paril,

Barnett

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salvia hispanica L. (chia) is a source of abundant ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω‐3‐PUFAs) that are highly beneficial to human health. The genomic basis for this accrued ω‐3‐PUFA content in this emerging crop was investigated through the assembly and comparative analysis of a chromosome‐level reference genome for S. hispanica. The highly contiguous 321.5‐Mbp genome assembly covering all six chromosomes enabled the identification of 32,922 protein‐coding genes. Two whole‐genome duplications (WGD) events were identified in the S. hispanica lineage. However, these WGD events could not be linked to the high α‐linolenic acid (ALA, ω‐3) accumulation in S. hispanica seeds based on phylogenomics. Instead, our analysis supports the hypothesis that evolutionary expansion through tandem duplications of specific lipid gene families, particularly the stearoyl‐acyl carrier protein desaturase (ShSAD) gene family, is the main driver of the abundance of ω‐3‐PUFAs in S. hispanica seeds. The insights gained from the genomic analysis of S. hispanica will help establish a molecular breeding target that can be leveraged through genome editing techniques to increase ω‐3 content in oil crops.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics points to tandem duplications of SAD gene clusters as drivers of increased α‐linolenic (ω‐3) content in S. hispanica seeds

Zare,

Paril,

Barnett

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chia oil represents one of the primary uses of chia seed by-products [ 70 ]. Different solvents (ethyl acetate, acetone, propane, petroleum ether, and hexane) and extraction techniques (cold and hot pressing, Soxhlet, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and pressurized liquid extraction) are applied to obtain chia seed oil [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Chia Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Techno-Functionality of Chia Seed and Its Fractions as Ingredients for Meat Analogs

Senna,

Soares,

Egea

et al. 2024

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eating practices are changing due to awareness about meat consumption associated with social, ethical, environmental, and nutritional issues. Plant-based meat analogs are alternatives to conventional meat products that attempt to mimic all the inherent characteristics of meat fully. Therefore, the search for raw materials that provide these characteristics is increasing. Chia seeds have excellent potential as a functional ingredient in these products since they are a source of proteins, lipids, and fibers. Allied with this, the full use of chia through the seed and its fractions highlights the numerous beneficial characteristics of the formulation regarding nutritional characteristics and techno-functionality. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the potential of chia seed and its fractions for applications in meat-like products. Chia seeds are protein sources. Chia oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, and its application in emulsions ensures the oil’s nutritional quality and maintains its technological characteristics. Defatted chia flour has a high protein content and can be used to extract chia mucilage. Due to its high emulsification capacity, chia mucilage is an effective ingredient for meat products and, consequently, meat-like products. Therefore, this literature review demonstrates the strategic potential of using chia seeds and their fractions to develop meat analogs.

show abstract

“…The special health properties of chia seeds are determined by the presence of omega-3 fatty acids. Moreover, chia seeds owe their bioactive potential to the presence of antioxidant phenolic compounds (Oteri et al 2022 ; Agarwal et al 2023 ; Ferreira et al 2023 ). Polyphenols, mainly cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids, are responsible for the antioxidant activity of chia seeds (Knez Hrnčič et al 2019 ; Aja and Haros 2022 ; Ghafoor et al 2022 ; Agarwal et al 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinction of chia varieties in vivo and in vitro based on the flow cytometry and rosmarinic acid production

Motyka,

Szopa,

Ochatt

2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flow cytometry has made a significant contribution to the study of several complex fundamental mechanisms in plant cytogenetics, becoming a useful analytical tool to understand several mechanisms and processes underlying plant growth, development, and function. In this study, the genome size, DNA ploidy level, and A-T/G-C ratio were measured for the first time for two genotypes of chia, Salvia hispanica, an herbaceous plant commonly used in phytotherapy and nutrition. This study also evaluated, for the first time by flow cytometry, the capacity to produce organic acids of tissues stained with LysoTracker Deep Red after elicitation with either yeast extract or cadmium chloride. Rosmarinic acid content differed between the two chia varieties treated with different elicitor concentrations, compared with non-elicited plant material. Elicited tissues of both varieties contained a higher content of rosmarinic acid compared with non-elicited cultures, and cadmium chloride at 500 μM was much better than that at 1000 μM, which led to plant death. For both genotypes, a dose-response was observed with yeast extract, as the higher the concentration of elicitor used, the higher rosmarinic acid content, resulting also in better results and a higher content of rosmarinic acid compared with cadmium chloride. This study demonstrates that flow cytometry may be used as a taxonomy tool, to distinguish among very close genotypses of a given species and, for the first time in plants, that this approach can also be put to profit for a characterization of the cytoplasmic acid phase and the concomitant production of secondary metabolites of interest in vitro, with or without elicitation. Key points • Genome size, ploidy level, A-T/G-C ratio, and cytoplasm acid phase of S. hispanica • Cytometry study of cytoplasm acid phase of LysoTracker Deep Red-stained plant cells • Yeast extract or cadmium chloride elicited rosmarinic acid production of chia tissues Graphical Abstract

show abstract

Comprehensive Chemical Characterization of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Oil with a Focus on Minor Lipid Components

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Comparative genomics points to tandem duplications of SAD gene clusters as drivers of increased α‐linolenic (ω‐3) content in S. hispanica seeds

Comparative genomics points to tandem duplications of SAD gene clusters as drivers of increased α‐linolenic (ω‐3) content in S. hispanica seeds

The Techno-Functionality of Chia Seed and Its Fractions as Ingredients for Meat Analogs

Distinction of chia varieties in vivo and in vitro based on the flow cytometry and rosmarinic acid production

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About