Comprehensive characterization of skeletal tissue growth anomalies of the finger coral Porites compressa

Domart‐Coulon, Isabelle; Traylor-Knowles, Nikki; Peters, Esther C.; Elbert, David C.; Downs, Craig A.; Price, Kathy; Stubbs, Joanne E.; McLaughlin, Shawn; Cox, Evelyn F.; Aeby, Greta S.; Brown, P. Randy; Ostrander, Gary K.

doi:10.1007/s00338-006-0133-6

Cited by 73 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The fact that GAs increase in number on an infected individual over time, combined with their lack of normal polyp structure, reduced density of zooxanthellae and lack of digestive organs ) means that they negatively impact affected corals at Palmyra, particularly Acropora and Montipora species. Coral GAs are now widely acknowledged as a deleterious condition, capable of leading to reduced colony growth, decreased density of coral skeleton, loss of mucus secretory cells and nematocysts, reduced density of zooxanthellae, reduced fecundity, tissue necrosis, and a loss, reduction or degeneration of normal polyp structure (Cheney 1975, Bak 1983, Peters et al 1986, Coles & Seapy 1998, Yamashiro et al 2000, Gateno et al 2003, Domart-Coulon et al 2006, Work et al 2008.…”

Section: Disease Severity Fate and Temporal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal patterns of scleractinian coral, soft coral, and zoanthid disease on a remote, near-pristine coral reef (Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific)

Williams¹,

Knapp²,

Aeby³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Section: Disease Severity Fate and Temporal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal patterns of scleractinian coral, soft coral, and zoanthid disease on a remote, near-pristine coral reef (Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific)

Williams¹,

Knapp²,

Aeby³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…We also detected the BrdU incorporated cells, which were amoeboid or round and emitted bright yellow autofluorescence at 495 nm excitation, throughout apparently healthy and GA regions of P. australiensis. These morphological and optical features suggest that these BrdU-labeled cells correspond to the chromophore cells described in GAs of Porites compressa (Domart-Coulon et al 2006). Infiltration of the cells similar to the chromophore cells were also documented in non-normally pigmented regions and wound healing regions in massive Porites sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Healthy fragments grafted to GA regions or fused with GA fragments exhibited reduced growth rates compared with non-grafted healthy fragments (Stimson 2010, Yasuda et al 2012. These findings suggest that GAs grow utilizing nutrient supplies from surrounding healthy regions (Yamashiro 2001et al, Domart-Coulon et al 2006, Yasuda et al 2012. However, the processes leading to GA progression, i.e.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…GA regions are frequently associated with microorganisms in the tissue as well as skeletal space (Coles & Seapy 1998, Work & Rameyer 2005, Work et al 2008, and the microorganisms have been suggested to be involved in GAs (Work & Rameyer 2005, Domart-Coulon et al 2006). However, microorganisms are not always detected in GAs (Yamashiro et al 2000, and the linkages between their presence and GA development are currently unknown.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Irikawa et al 2011), and Porites spp. (Hunter & Field 1997, Domart-Coulon et al 2006, Yasuda et al 2012, low lipid storage in M. informis (Yamashiro et al 2001), and low photosynthetic productivity in A. cytherea and P. australiensis due to reduced numbers of zooxanthellae in the gastrodermis (Irikawa et al 2011, Yasuda et al 2012. However, previous field investigations demonstrated that GAs progressively spread toward healthy tissue on the host colonies (Cheney 1975, Bak 1983, Irikawa et al 2011, Yasuda et al 2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular kinetics in growth anomalies of the scleractinian corals Porites australiensis and Montipora informis

Yasuda¹,

Hidaka²

2012

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Growth anomalies (GAs) in corals are characterized by morphological abnormalities of the skeleton as well as polyps and coenosarcs. GAs commonly appear as protuberances with fewer polyps and are paler in color due to decreased zooxanthellae density. To test the hypothesis that morphological anomalies in GAs may be caused by unregulated cellular kinetics, the relative abundances of apoptotic cells and proliferating cells were compared between GAs and apparently healthy regions in 2 corals, Porites australiensis and Montipora informis. Apoptotic cells and proliferating cells were detected using TUNEL assays and BrdU incorporation assays, respectively. The labeling indices for apoptotic nuclei and BrdU-labeled nuclei were measured in the epidermis, oral gastrodermis, aboral gastrodermis, and calicodermis. The labeling index for apoptotic nuclei in the oral gastrodermis and the calicodermis was significantly lower in GAs than in healthy regions in both coral species. The index for BrdU-labeled cells in the calicodermis was significantly higher in GAs than in healthy regions in both coral species. When GA regions partially died, the GA tissues directly adjacent to the dead areas exhibited signs of necrosis, although some apoptotic cells were also present. Healthy oral gastrodermis adjacent to the border between the healthy and GA regions exhibited higher frequencies of apoptotic cells. These results suggest that apoptotic pathways were suppressed and cell proliferation was promoted in GA regions, although cells in GAs may die through both necrosis and apoptosis. KEY WORDS: Apoptosis · Necrosis · Cell proliferation · Coral disease · Growth anomaly · Porites australiensis · Montipora informis Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 102: [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] 2012 MutY, Hsp90a1, GRP75, and metallo thionein, which are hyperplasia-associated proteins, were upregulated in GAs in Porites compressa. Their results also indicate hyper-proliferation of cells in GA tissues. However, the mechanism and the process of cellular kinetics in GA regions are not yet understood.The etiology of GA is still unclear, although relationships between GA prevalence and several factors have been suggested, including UVB radiation (Peters et al. 1986, Coles & Seapy 1998, nutrients and organic carbon (Kaczmarsky & Richardson 2010), water temperatures and photosynthetically active radiation (Stimson 2010), water turbidity and depth (Williams et al. 2010), host density and human population size , and aging (Irikawa et al. 2011). GA regions are frequently associated with microorganisms in the tissue as well as skeletal space (Coles & Seapy 1998, Work & Rameyer 2005, Work et al. 2008, and the microorganisms have been suggested to be involved in GAs (Work & Rameyer 2005, Domart-Coulon et al. 2006). However, microorganisms are not always detected in GAs (Yamashiro et al. 2000, and the linkages between their presence and GA development are currently unknown.GA-affected corals ...

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Neoplasia

Peters

Smolowitz

Reynolds³

2011

Invertebrate Medicine

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Comprehensive characterization of skeletal tissue growth anomalies of the finger coral Porites compressa

Cited by 73 publications

References 54 publications

Spatial and temporal patterns of scleractinian coral, soft coral, and zoanthid disease on a remote, near-pristine coral reef (Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific)

Spatial and temporal patterns of scleractinian coral, soft coral, and zoanthid disease on a remote, near-pristine coral reef (Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific)

Cellular kinetics in growth anomalies of the scleractinian corals Porites australiensis and Montipora informis

Neoplasia

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