Comprehensive assessment of PM2.5 physicochemical properties during the Southeast Asia dry season (southwest monsoon)

Khan, Firoz; Sulong, Nor Azura; Latif, Mohd Talib; Nadzir, Mohd Shahrul Mohd; Amil, Norhaniza; Hussain, Dini Fajrina Mohd; Lee, Vernon; Hosaini, Puteri Nurafidah; Shaharom, Suhana; Yusoff, Nur Amira Yasmin Mohd; Hoque, Hossain Mohammed Syedul; Chung, Jing Xiang; Sahani, Maneesh; Tahir, Norhayati Mohd; Juneng, Liew; Maulud, Khairul Nizam Abdul; Abdullah, Sharifah Mastura Syed; Fujii, Yusuke; Tohno, Susumu; Mizohata, Akira

doi:10.1002/2016jd025894

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(278 reference statements)

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“…Meteorological factors are key subjects to be studied to understand the variation in air pollutant concentrations and distributions (Wang et al 2006). Meteorological driving factors are associated with diurnal concentrations of air pollutants, and also influence aerosol composition (Amil et al 2016;Khan et al 2016). Variation and trends of pollutants such as NO x , particulates with diameters less than 10 µm (PM 10 ) and sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) are influenced by land cover and various economies, demographics, and meteorological variables (Rodríguez et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of major air pollutants in different seasonal conditions in an urban environment in Malaysia

et al. 2018

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Urban air quality has been deteriorating over time. Pollutant distribution levels in the urban environment may be associated with anthropogenic sources and meteorological conditions. The aim of this study is to determine the variation in concentrations of major air pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O 3), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and particulate matter (PM 10), with corresponding seasonal variation in a Malaysian urban environment. Eleven years of data from four selected stations, namely Klang (S1), Petaling Jaya (S2), Shah Alam (S3) and Cheras (S4), were analysed for temporal trend variations (yearly and monthly). Statistical analysis using Openair, an R package open source software, has been conducted to assess pollutants in relation to meteorological conditions. Gas concentrations showed little variation between the study sites apart from NO 2 , which recorded its highest concentrations at an industrial site, between 23 and 40 ppb, and is associated with industrial and vehicle emissions. Pollutants that show seasonal variations and frequently exceed the Malaysia Ambient Air Quality Standard (MAAQS) and the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) are O 3 and PM 10 , predominantly related to the monsoon seasons. High levels of O 3 during the northeast monsoon (January-March) are associated with high levels of the precursors of O 3. The concentration of PM 10 associated with tropical biomass burning during southwest monsoon. Shipping emissions and power stations are main contributors for higher level of SO 2. This study shows regional and local factors contribute to the different type of air pollutant concentrations in urban environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of major air pollutants in different seasonal conditions in an urban environment in Malaysia

et al. 2018

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“…This factor contributed 3.8 µg m −3 (6.3 % of PM 2.5 mass) during the NCCPC-control period and 11.5 µg m −3 (12.3 %) to PM 2.5 mass in the non-control period. Possible sources for the mineral dust include (i) natural dust, which contains crustal Al, Si, and Ti (Milando et al, 2016); (ii) construction dust, which includes Ca ; and (iii) road dust, which is characterized by trafficrelated species, such as Cu, Zn, Br, and EC (Khan et al, 2016b;Zong et al, 2016). Here, the mineral dust factor did not contain any notable contributions from the traffic-related species.…”

Section: Estimates Of Source Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM2.5 and radiative effects: a case study at a regional background site near Beijing, China

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Measurements at a background site near Beijing showed that pollution controls implemented during the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (NC-CPC) were effective in reducing PM 2.5 . Mass concentrations of PM 2.5 and its major chemical components were 20.6 %-43.1 % lower during the NCCPC-control period compared with a non-control period, and differences were greater on days with stable meteorological conditions. A receptor model showed that PM 2.5 from traffic-related emissions, biomass burning, industrial processes, and mineral dust was 38.5 %-77.8 % lower during the NCCPC-control versus noncontrol period, but differences in PM 2.5 from coal burning were small, and secondary sources were higher during the NCCPC-control period. During one pollution episode in the non-control period, secondary sources dominated, and the WRF-Chem model showed that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region contributed 73.6 % of PM 2.5 mass. A second pollution episode was linked to biomass burning, and BTH contributed 46.9 % of PM 2.5 mass. Calculations based on Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) algorithms showed that organic matter was the largest contributor to light extinction during the non-control period whereas NH 4 NO 3 was the main contributor during the NCCPC. The Tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible radiation model showed that the average direct radiative forcing (DRF) values at the Earth's surface were −14.0 and −19.3 W m −2 during the NCCPC-control and non-control periods, respectively, and the DRF for the individual PM 2.5 components were 22.7 %-46.7 % lower during the NCCPC. The information and dataset from this study will be useful for developing air pollution control strategies in the BTH region and for understanding associated aerosol radiative effects.

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“…The PM2.5 mass from this source is lower than the values (~20 -60 µg m -3 ) from coal burning in the BTH region in winter (Huang et al, 2017), which can be explained by the increased domestic usage of coal for heating activities during the cold season. (Cao et al, 2005), and thus, EC and OC can be used as indicators for motor vehicle emissions (Chalbot et al, 2013;Khan et al, 2016a). Cu and Zn could be derived from accessories of vehicles, such as lubricant oil, brake linings, metal brake wear, and tires (Lin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Estimation Of Source Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM2.5 and radiative effects: a case study from a regional background site near Beijing, China

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. An intensive measurement campaign was conducted in a regional background site near Beijing during the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (NCCPC) to investigate the effectiveness of short-term mitigation measures on PM2.5 and aerosol direct radiative forcing (DRF). Average mass concentration of PM2.5 and its major chemical composition are decreased by 20.6&#8211;43.1&#8201;% during the NCCPC control period compared with the non-control period. When considering days with the stable meteorological conditions, larger reduction of PM2.5 is found compared with that for all days. Further, a positive matrix factorization receptor model shows that the mass concentrations of PM2.5 from traffic-related emissions, biomass burning, industry processes, and mineral dust are reduced by 38.5&#8211;77.8&#8201;% during the NCCPC control period compared with the non-control period. However, there is no significant difference in PM2.5 from coal burning between these two periods, and an increasing trend of PM2.5 mass from secondary inorganic aerosol is found during the NCCPC control period. Two pollution episodes were occurred subsequently after the NCCPC control period. One is dominated by secondary inorganic aerosol, and the WRF-Chem model shows that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region contributes 73.6&#8201;% of PM2.5 mass; the other is mainly caused by biomass burning, and the BTH region contributes 46.9&#8201;% of PM2.5 mass. Calculations based on a revised IMPROVE method show that organic matter (OM) is the largest contributor to the light extinction coefficient (bext<\\sub>) during the non-control period while NH4NO3 is the dominant contributor during the NCCPC control period. The Tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible radiation model reveals that the average DRF values at the Earth's surface are &#8722;14.0 and &#8722;19.3&#8201;W&#8201;m-2 during the NCCPC control and non-control periods, respectively, and the reduction ratios of DRF due to the decrease in PM2.5 components vary from 22.7&#8211;46.7&#8201;% during the NCCPC control period. Our study would further provide valuable information and dataset to help controlling the air pollution and alleviating the cooling effects of aerosols at the surface in Beijing.

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Comprehensive assessment of PM_2.5 physicochemical properties during the Southeast Asia dry season (southwest monsoon)

Cited by 49 publications

References 141 publications

Variation of major air pollutants in different seasonal conditions in an urban environment in Malaysia

Variation of major air pollutants in different seasonal conditions in an urban environment in Malaysia

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and radiative effects: a case study at a regional background site near Beijing, China

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and radiative effects: a case study from a regional background site near Beijing, China

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Comprehensive assessment of PM2.5 physicochemical properties during the Southeast Asia dry season (southwest monsoon)

Cited by 49 publications

References 141 publications

Variation of major air pollutants in different seasonal conditions in an urban environment in Malaysia

Variation of major air pollutants in different seasonal conditions in an urban environment in Malaysia

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and radiative effects: a case study at a regional background site near Beijing, China

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and radiative effects: a case study from a regional background site near Beijing, China

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Comprehensive assessment of PM_2.5 physicochemical properties during the Southeast Asia dry season (southwest monsoon)

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and radiative effects: a case study at a regional background site near Beijing, China

Impacts of short-term mitigation measures on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and radiative effects: a case study from a regional background site near Beijing, China