Comprehensive Analysis of the Brain-Expressed X-Link Protein Family in Glioblastoma Multiforme

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, malignant, and deadly primary brain tumor in adults. Brain-expressed X-link (BEX) protein family is involved in tumorigenesis. Here, we have explored the biological function and the prognostic value of the BEX family in GBM. Differentially expressed BEX genes between GBM and normal tissue were screened by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses identified the prognosis‐related genes BEX1, BEX2, and BEX4, which were involved in the regulation of immune response. The results of correlation analysis and protein–protein interaction network (PPI network) showed that there was a significant correlation between the BEX family and TCEAL family in GBM. Furthermore, the expression of transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like (TCEAL) family is generally decreased in GBM and related to poor prognosis. With the use of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression, a prognostic model including the BEX family and TCEAL family was built to accurately predict the likelihood of overall survival (OS) in GBM patients. Therefore, we demonstrated that the BEX family and TCEAL family possessed great potential as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in GBM. Further investigations in large‐scale, multicenter, and prospective clinical cohorts are needed to confirm the prognostic model developed in our study.

Gene expression asymmetry in Parkinson’s Disease; variation ofCCTandBEXgene expression levels are correlated with hemisphere specific severity

“…The CCT chaperonin complex is associated with PD and can modulate disease processes [23], and is required for proper folding of tubulin, is a modulator of protein aggregation, and may impact immune processes [24,25]. Brain expressed x-linked (BEX) genes are highly expressed in neuronal tissue, have been linked to stem cell capacity, and is upregulated in brain tumors cancers [26][27][28][29]. Both gene sets were more highly expressed in the less affected hemisphere of similar PD brains.…”

LncRNA PANTR1 is Associated with Poor Prognostic and Suppresses Apoptosis in Glioma

“…The a priori gene sets were c2.cp.v7.0.symbols.gmt [Curated] from MSigDB Collections. Significant enrichment was defined as a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.25 and p.adjust <0.05 [ 5 ].…”

“…Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, accounting for 81% of malignant intracranial tumors and resulting in severe morbidity and mortality [ 1 ]. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most prevalent glioma histology (∼45% of all gliomas), remains a poor median survival time which is 12–15 months, despite advancements in treatment techniques such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy [ 2 – 4 ], since of substantial drug resistance and a near-total recurrence rate [ 5 ]. To achieve a favorable prognosis, it is essential to establish novel therapeutic interventions.…”