Comprehensive Analysis of Organic Micropollutants in Fine Particulate Matter in Hanoi Metropolitan Area, Vietnam

Abstract

Rapid urbanization has led to increased environmental pollution in Vietnam, especially air pollution issues. In this study, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with an automated identification and quantification system database to detect and quantitate compounds in atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5). A total of 288 compounds classified in 19 pollutant categories based on their origins were detected in PM2.5 samples collected in three areas of Hanoi during winter. The total content of substances detected ranged from 41.08 to 795.00 ng.m−3. The characteristics and concentrations of organic pollutants differed among the industrial, urban, and agricultural sampling areas, with average concentrations of 179.00, 112.10, and 529.40 ng.m−3, respectively. In this comprehensive study on trace organic compounds conducted with samples collected at three sites, we investigating the basic impact of three main factors on the environment. This study contributes to the literature by providing a data set on the content of trace organic substances in the air at the study site.

AIQS-DB: Revolutionizing the Simultaneous Analysis of Organic Compounds

“…For example, in wastewater matrices analyzed by GC/MS in Japan, Ryo Omagari was able to detect the presence of 474 compounds in the influent wastewater soluble fraction [19]. In dust samples collected in Vietnam, Le Quang Huong et al identified 288 compounds [16], and Trinh Thu Ha et al identified 277 compounds in flood water samples [36]. Almost 200 compounds can be detected in sediment samples [10,12,38].…”

“…Since its inception, AIQS-DB has been widely utilized in numerous studies to concurrently analyze organic compounds in various sample matrices, such as river water samples [3][4][5][6], groundwater samples [7][8][9], sediment samples [10][11][12], wastewater samples [13][14][15], and dust samples [16][17][18]. Moreover, AIQS-DB has been adapted for use with other analytical instruments, including LC/MS/MS and LC-TOF/MS, making it an expedient, comprehensive, cost-effective, and scalable approach for identifying organic micro-pollutants [6].…”