Comprehensive analysis of cis- and trans-acting factors affecting Break-Induced Replication

Abstract

Break-induced replication (BIR) is a highly mutagenic eukaryotic homologous DNA recombination pathway that repairs one-ended DNA double strand breaks such as broken DNA replication forks and eroded telomeres. While searching for cis-acting factors regulating BIR efficiency, we found that BIR efficiency is the highest close to chromosome ends. The variations of BIR efficiency as a function of the length of DNA to replicate can be described as a combination of two decreasing exponential functions, a property in line with repeated cycles of strand invasion, elongation and dissociation that characterize BIR. Interestingly, the apparent processivity of BIR depends on the length of DNA already synthesized. BIR is more susceptible to disruption during the synthesis of the first ∼35-40 kb of DNA than later, notably when the template chromatid is being transcribed or heterochromatic. Finally, we show that the Srs2 helicase promotes BIR from both telomere proximal and telomere distal regions in diploid cells but only from telomere proximal sites in haploid cells. Altogether, we bring new light on the factors impacting a last resort DNA repair pathway.