Comprehensive analysis of distributed energy resource penetration and placement using probabilistic framework

Abstract

Integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) affect system performance in multitude of ways such as reliability, losses and voltage profile. Thus, increasing distributed energy resource penetration necessitates impact assessment particularly when DERs comprise of stochastic RES based distributed generators (DGs) and storage system. This paper presents a formulation for the analysis of DER penetration and placement on system losses and voltage profile in probabilistic framework. Penetration level has been defined, giving due consideration to stochastic behaviour of RES based distributed generators. The work presented incorporates analysis and consideration of two important factors in placement problem, that is, intermittent nature of RES based distributed generators and dual nature of storage units. In order to account for uncertainties inherently present in RES, probabilistic load flow has been used in this work. Placement problem is solved for three different penetration levels, that is, 20%, 40% and 60% using utterfly particle swarm optimisation. The impact of seasonal effect on system losses and voltage profile in correlation with penetration levels has also been investigated. Results provide useful insights for identification of optimum penetration level.

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“…As the installed DGs are not appropriately planned, technical issues such as system unbalance, voltage fluctuation, system unbalance, and overvoltage may have arisen. Furthermore, an increase in the voltage level of buses and power losses result from the load variations and the intermittent power generation of the RERs, such as PV and wind power [19], [20], [21]. The impact of several DG penetrations and concentrations levels on the long-term investment deferral of the DN was assessed in [22].…”

A Technical Review on Reliability and Economic Assessment Framework of Hybrid Power System with Solar and Wind Based Distributed Generators

“…A summary of review on modelling of meteorological parameters has been presented in Table 1. -"--"-Mediterranean coast [7] Wind velocity, solar irradiance Beta, Weibull Rural distribution system [8] -"--"-Kandla port, India [9] -"--"-Jaisalmer, India [10] -"--"-Jaisalmer, India [11] -"--"-Jaisalmer, India [12] -"--"-Zhoushan [13] -"-Weibull, Lognormal Navarre, Spain -"--"-Jaisalmer, India [46] -"-Weibull Hormoz Island, Iran [47] -"--"-Not specified [48] -"-Energyplan (Prob modelling) La Gomera, Canary islands [49] -"-Weibull, Beta Dammam city, Saudi Arabia [50] -"--"-Jaisalmer, India [51] -"-Weibull Milas, Turkey [52] -"-Weibull, Beta Not specified Time series [25] Solar…”

Techno-economic evaluation of meshed distribution network planning with load growth and expansion with multiple assets across multiple planning horizons

“…The reviewed work from the perspective of voltage stability indices (VSIs) aiming at ODGPs has mostly focused on the RDN and fairly less for the loop of meshed configured DNs across various planning horizons (Kazmi et al, 2019;Paliwal, 2021). The limitation in all of them includes the fact that the load growth is usually considered constant across a certain large-scale horizon of 5 years, and expansion-based planning with an increased number of nodes are usually not catered, despite the reviewed works addressing the concerned issues partially (Modarresi et al, 2016;Kazmi et al, 2021).…”