Comprehensive analysis of dihydromyricetin metabolites in rats using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry

Abstract

As the most abundant and bioactive constituent in vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata), dihydromyricetin possesses numerous biological activities. A rapid profiling and identification method for dihydromyricetin metabolites in rats after the oral administration has been established using ultra-highperformance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with multiple data-mining methods. Herein, an efficient analytical strategy characterized by a parallel reaction monitoring mode combining diagnostic fragment ions filtering techniques was developed for the comprehensive identification of dihydromyricetin metabolites in rat plasma, urine, and feces. And then, the biotransformation pathways of dihydromyricetin were further revealed. As a result, a total of 49 metabolites were finally identified by comparing diagnostic fragment ions, chromatographic retention times, neutral loss fragment ions, and accurate mass measurement with those of the dihydromyricetin reference standard. These metabolites were presumed to be dominantly generated through hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, methylation, reduction, sulfation, decarbonylation, glucuronidation, glucosylation, and their composite reactions. In a word, our present results not only supplied a solid foundation to better understand the action mechanism of dihydromyricetin, but also provided some models for the metabolism study of the other compounds in traditional Chinese medicines or natural plants.

Serial five-membered lactone ring ions in the treatment of Alzheimer’s diseases-comprehensive profiling of arctigenin metabolites and network analysis

“…The choice of animal model is crucial. We chose rats animal model to study the arctigenin metabolites referring to many literatures ( Wu et al, 2021 ; Mengmeng et al, 2022 ; Wang Y. et al, 2022 ), and it was also used in the published papers of our team ( Cui et al, 2022 ; Jing et al, 2022 ; Wang H. et al, 2022 ). There are undeniably multiple differences between human and rats.…”

“…The SPE cartridges for plasma, urine and faeces samples were the same as the previous treatments ( Dong P. et al, 2021 ; Xiang et al, 2021 ; Jing et al, 2022 ). In addition, plasma samples were processed by two other methods.…”

Simultaneous determination of multiple constituents, serum composition, and tissue distribution of Qingshen granule using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry

“…The interactions between Chinese herbs and Western medicines remain unclear [6]. Combining the separation power of liquid chromatography, especially ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPHLC), with the remarkable selectivity and sensitivity of mass spectrometry (MS), liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer has revealed clear advantages in the analysis of complex chemical systems [14]. It has become a powerful tool for TCM analysis over the past decades [15].…”

In vivo comprehensive metabolite profiling of esculetin and esculin derived from chicory in hyperuricemia rats using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry

“…However, the acquisition of parent ions for trace constituents proved challenging, particularly when co-eluting with higher content constituents, subsequently inhibiting the clarification of fragmentation. The parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) method therefore served as a supplementary approach to acquire ESI-MS 2 fragment ions of metabolites with lower content levels [20][21][22]. PRM technology utilizes the high-resolution and trapping capabilities of quadrupole-orbitrap highresolution mass spectrometers and offers a distinct advantage over conventional selected reaction monitoring measurements performed on triple quadrupole instruments, improving discrimination between analyte signals and those caused by matrix interferences.…”