Comprehensive Analysis of Antioxidant Compounds from Lippia citriodora and Hibiscus sabdariffa Green Extracts Attained by Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Phenolic compounds have shown to have a high bioactive potential against various pathologies, postulating as an interesting alternative to manage some diseases. In this sense, both Lippia citriodora and Hibiscus sabdariffa are two botanical sources with a demonstrated high bioactive potential, in which their antioxidant capacity stands out. In this work, the optimization of the extraction conditions for the recovery of phytochemicals from L. citriodora leaves and H. sabdariffa calyces has been carried out using Response Surface Methodologies (RSM) considering their total polar compounds measured by HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS and Folin-Ciocalteu assay, and its antioxidant capacity evaluated by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays. The results showed that to maximize the antioxidant capacity in H. sabdariffa, a moderate temperature and high ethanol percentage are needed, while a low temperature and a high percentage of ethanol are needed in L. citriodora. In addition, with the results obtained in the multiple response analysis, it is possible to affirm the importance of this type of analysis to develop functional ingredients, taking into account both total content of phenolic compounds and their bioactivity. Furthermore, as confirmed in this study, these analyses can be extrapolated in different techniques and in different matrices, with phenolic compounds from different families being important to develop new high added value products for food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries.

Modelling and optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of roselle phenolic compounds using the surface response method

“…Thus, the therapeutic properties attributed to roselle are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, antibacterial and anti-hypertensive effect 4 , 5 . However, the extraction of these bioactive compounds is strongly influenced by the extraction parameters such as solvent/solute ratio, temperature and extraction time 6 , 7 . Indeed, the conventional methods: decoction, maceration and infusion have limitations such as thermal degradation of some thermolabile biomolecules and long extraction time 8 .…”

Application of Response Surface Methodologies to Optimize High-Added Value Products Developments: Cosmetic Formulations as an Example

“…For these reasons, the use of analytical platforms can enhance the optimization of the individual compound as well as specific compound classes [ 26 ]. In this sense, advanced analytical platforms, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or HPLC coupled to mass spectrometry, should be used to determine individual compounds, verifying the results obtained by RSM designs since optimal conditions may differ from those proposed when spectrophotometric assays are used [ 104 , 105 , 106 ]. Moreover, the use of analytical platforms also allows a relatively selective extraction of specific compounds or phytochemical groups, focusing on those bioactive compounds that can offer a high value for cosmetic products [ 107 ].…”

Modelling and optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of roselle phenolic compounds using the surface response method.

“…Furthermore, for any extraction technique, the optimization of the phenolic and antioxidant pro le requires the adjustment of the extraction parameters. To this end, over the last decade, the use of surface response methodologies (RSM) has been applied in order to optimize the extraction conditions according to the desired objectives, thus improving the e ciency of advanced extraction technologies 7 . RSM is a sum of statistical and mathematical techniques, successfully used to develop, improve and optimize processes 14 .…”

“…Thus, the therapeutic properties attributed to roselle are antioxidant, anti-in ammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, antibacterial and anti-hypertensive effect 4,5 . However, the extraction of these bioactive compounds is strongly in uenced by the extraction parameters such as solvent/solute ratio, temperature and extraction time 6,7 . Indeed, the conventional methods: decoction, maceration and infusion have limitations such as thermal degradation of some thermolabile biomolecules and long extraction time 8 .…”