Comprehensive analyses of syntactic foam behaviour in deepwater environment

Grosjean, François; Bouchonneau, Nadège; Choqueuse, Dominique; Sauvant-Moynot, Valérie

doi:10.1007/s10853-008-3166-0

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…They observed that the moisture absorption of 40% in syntactic foam over a period of 18 months in deionized water between 20 C and 120 C resulted in increased electrical conductivity with mass gain. Grosjean et al 26 observed the moisture absorption behavior of syntactic foams up to 400 days in different environmental conditions such as deionized water, sea water, and high humidity at 80 C. They reported that maximum weight gain at 80 C ranged from 1% to 16% depending on environment. Sadler et al [27] studied the moisture absorption behavior of cenosphere/phenolic syntactic foams (eco-core) in sea and tap water at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ageing on mechanical properties of stiffened syntactic foam core sandwich composites for marine applications

Ahmed

2016

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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Foam core based sandwich composite materials are extensively used in marine sectors because of its high strength and stiffness to weight ratios. The structural materials used for marine applications should possess good damage tolerance capability. Hence, it is essential that these materials shall be tested for their residual mechanical properties when exposed to marine environment. In the present work, syntactic foam is prepared by uniform mixing of dry fly ash cenosphere and phenolic resin in equal proportions. Syntactic foam is further stiffened by integrating it with honeycomb structure during manufacturing. Sandwich composites are developed with core of syntactic foam (with and without honeycomb structure) and face skins of glass/epoxy composite. Sandwich coupons are prepared in two batches; one being subjected to ageing in natural sea water and other under accelerated environment. Both aged and unaged coupons are subjected to mechanical tests to determine their residual properties under compression, flexure, and low-velocity impact as per ASTM standards. Results showed that the moisture absorption is significant up to about 60 days beyond which it is marginal. The saturation level was attained for an immersion period of about one year, at which the material exhibited significant damage, at the interfacial regions of core-skin, cenosphere-phenolic resin, and fiber-matrix. Ageing of sandwich composites under sea water and accelerated environment has shown detrimental effect on their mechanical properties. However, the extent of degradation in properties due to ageing can be reduced by the incorporation of resin impregnated honeycomb structure in syntactic foam. Microscopic features of aged coupons are also investigated to predict mode of damage due to ageing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ageing on mechanical properties of stiffened syntactic foam core sandwich composites for marine applications

Ahmed

2016

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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“…They have been widely used in several engineering applications due to their low moisture absorption, good thermal insulation, and excellent strength to weight ratio, vibration isolation, and low radar cross-section properties [3][4][5]. As a class of advanced lightweight composites, syntactic foams have been widely employed in more and more engineering applications, e.g., civil, automobile, aeronautical, marine equipment for deep sea operations [6], aircraft components, spacecraft solid rocket booster nose cones fillings, thermal insulation for deep sea pipelines [7][8][9], core materials of sandwiches [10,11], and structural components in aerospace industry [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel High Strain Rate Sensitive Rigid Polyurethane Resin Based Syntactic Foam

Yazıcı

2016

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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Syntactic foams are closed cell structured foam materials and present improved properties for lightweight and high performance material requests. They have been widely used in naval, aeronautical, aerospace, civil, industrial, and automotive engineering applications on account of their good acoustical attenuation, excellent strength to weight ratio, vibration isolation, dielectric properties. In this study, a novel high strain rate sensitive syntactic foam was developed. A rigid polyurethane resin was used as a binder material. Glass bubbles were used as an additive for producing cell structure. Elastomeric silicone rubber resin were used to change elastic properties of the foam as an additional binder material. Quasistatic compression properties and high strain rate compression properties were obtained by using Instron Universal Tensile-Compression Machine and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar experimental setup respectively. The results show that developed foams are low dense and very high strain rate sensitive materials. Consequently, developed foam can be used for the blast, impact or ballistic mitigation purpose as a coating material.

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“…Syntactic foams, which are made of hollow glass microspheres embedded in a polymer matrix, are becoming more widely used for thermal insulation of offshore pipelines and bundles which convey oil and gas resources from extraction sites located in deep water [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11] and [12]. Insulation material durability contributes directly to the maintenance of reliable offshore production (flow assurance) over 20 years of service.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ observation of syntactic foams under hydrostatic pressure using X-ray tomography

et al. 2013

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Syntactic foams (hollow glass microspheres embedded in a polymeric matrix) are being used increasingly for the purpose of thermal insulation in ultradeep water. A better understanding of the damage mechanisms of these materials at the microsphere scale under such a hydrostatic loading condition is of prior importance in determining actual material limits, improving phenomenological modelling and developing novel formulations in the future. To achieve this goal, a study based on X-ray microtomography was performed on two syntactic foam materials (polypropylene and polyurethane matrix) and a standard foamed PP. A special set up has been designed in order to allow the X-ray microtomographic observation of the material during hydrostatic pressure loading using ethanol as the pressure fluid. Spatial resolution of (3.5 μm) 3 and in situ non-destructive scanning allowed a unique qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composite microstructure during stepwise isotropic compression by hydrostatic pressure up to 50 MPa. The collapse of weaker microspheres were observed during pressure increase and the damage parameters could be estimated. It is shown that the microspheres which are broken or the porosities which are close to the surface in the foamed PP are filled by a fluid (either the ethanol or the polymeric matrix itself). The hydrostatic pressure decreases the volume of the foam only slightly. In the PU matrix, ethanol diffusion is seen to induce swelling of the matrix, which is an unexpected phenomenon but reveals the high potential of X-ray microtomographic observation to improve diffusion analysis in complex media.

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Comprehensive analyses of syntactic foam behaviour in deepwater environment

Cited by 55 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of ageing on mechanical properties of stiffened syntactic foam core sandwich composites for marine applications

Effects of ageing on mechanical properties of stiffened syntactic foam core sandwich composites for marine applications

A Novel High Strain Rate Sensitive Rigid Polyurethane Resin Based Syntactic Foam

In situ observation of syntactic foams under hydrostatic pressure using X-ray tomography

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