Comprehensive airborne characterization of aerosol from a major bovine source

Sorooshian, Armin; Murphy, S. M.; Hersey, S. P.; Gates, Harmony; Padró, Luz T.; Nenes, Athanasios; Brechtel, Fred J.; Jonsson, Haflidi H.; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.

doi:10.5194/acp-8-5489-2008

Cited by 145 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…The formation of organic salts is also a reactive sink of particle-phase organics, enhancing gas phase uptake (Pierce et al, 2011). Recently, the formation of low-volatility organic salts has been observed under various atmospheric conditions in reactions of organic acids with mineral salts (Laskin et al, 2012), ammonium (Martinelango et al, 2007;Dinar et al, 2008;Ortiz-Montalvo et al, 2012) and amines (Sorooshian et al, 2008;Smith et al, 2010).…”

Section: G Drozd Et Al: Inorganic Salts Interact With Organic Di-acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic salts interact with oxalic acid in submicron particles to form material with low hygroscopicity and volatility

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Volatility and hygroscopicity are two key properties of organic aerosol components, and both are strongly related to chemical identity. While the hygroscopicities of pure salts, di-carboxylic acids (DCA), and DCA salts are known, the hygroscopicity of internal mixtures of these components, as they are typically found in the atmosphere, has not been fully characterized. Here we show that inorganicorganic component interactions typically not considered in atmospheric models can lead to very strongly bound metalorganic complexes and greatly affect aerosol volatility and hygroscopicity; in particular, the bi-dentate binding of DCA to soluble inorganic ions. We have studied the volatility of pure, dry organic salt particles and the hygroscopicity of internal mixtures of oxalic acid (OxA, the dominant DCA in the atmosphere) and a number of salts, both mono-and divalent. The formation of very low volatility organic salts was confirmed, with minimal evaporation of oxalate salt particles below 75 • C. Dramatic increases in the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation diameter for particles with di-valent salts (e.g., CaCl 2 ) and relatively small particle volume fractions of OxA indicate that standard volume additivity rules for hygroscopicity do not apply. Thus small organic compounds with high O : C ratios are capable of forming lowvolatility and very low hygroscopicity particles. Given current knowledge of the formation mechanisms of OxA and M-Ox salts, surface enrichment of insoluble M-Ox salts is expected. The resulting formation of an insoluble coating of metal-oxalate salts can explain low-particle hygroscopicities. The formation of particles with a hard coating could offer an alternative explanation for observations of glass-like particles without the need for a phase transition.

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Section: G Drozd Et Al: Inorganic Salts Interact With Organic Di-acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic salts interact with oxalic acid in submicron particles to form material with low hygroscopicity and volatility

et al. 2014

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“…Anthropogenic sources include agricultural activities (including fertilizer application, livestock and animal husbandry), cooking, high-temperature fossil fuel combustion, vehicle exhaust, man-made biomass burning and industrial activities. In contrast, natural sources of WSON include mineral dust, bacteria, algal blooms, degraded proteins, sea salt, organic debris and natural biomass burning (Neff et al, 2002;Cornell et al, 2003;Mace et al, 2003a, b, c;Glibert et al, 2005;Sorooshian et al, 2008;Cape et al, 2011;Altieri et al, 2016). Atmospheric organic nitrogen can also be formed through chemical reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cornell et al (1995) highlighted the importance of organic nitrogen in rain and snow accounting for almost half of the total atmospheric dissolved nitrogen deposition. Since then, research defining the quantitative importance of soluble organic nitrogen in the atmospheric transport of nitrogen has greatly expanded (Neff et al, 2002;Cornell et al, 2003;Mace et al, 2003a, b, c;Glibert et al, 2005;Sorooshian et al, 2008;Altieri et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Nehir

Koçak

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol and rain sampling in two size fractions was carried out at a rural site located on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, Erdemli, Turkey (36 • 33 54 N, 34 • 15 18 E). A total of 674 aerosol samples in two size fractions (337 coarse, 337 fine) and 23 rain samples were collected between March 2014 and April 2015. Samples were analyzed for NO − 3 , NH + 4 and ancillary water-soluble ions using ion chromatography and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) by applying a high-temperature combustion method. The mean aerosol water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) was 23.8 ± 16.3 nmol N m −3 , reaching a maximum of 79 nmol N m −3 , with about 66 % being associated with coarse particles. The volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of WSON in rain was 21.5 µmol N L −1 . The WSON contributed 37 and 29 % to the WSTN in aerosol and rainwater, respectively. Aerosol WSON concentrations exhibited large temporal variation, mainly due to meteorology and the origin of air mass flow. The highest mean aerosol WSON concentration was observed in the summer and was attributed to the absence of rain and resuspension of cultivated soil in the region. The mean concentration of WSON during dust events (38.2 ± 17.5 nmol N m −3 ) was 1.3 times higher than that of non-dust events (29.4 ± 13.9 nmol N m −3 ). Source apportionment analysis demonstrated that WSON was originated from agricultural activities (43 %), secondary aerosol (20 %), nitrate (22 %), crustal material (10 %) and sea salt (5 %). The dry and wet depositions of WSON were equivalent and amounted to 36 % of the total atmospheric WSTN flux.

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“…[7][8][9][10][11][12] Gaseous amine concentrations are usually at least an order of magnitude lower than that of ammonia in the atmosphere, [13] but they can reach as high as 23 % of that of ammonia in animal husbandry environments. [14] The mass concentration of gaseous amines varies from 0.3-4.2 ng m À3 in the marine atmosphere [15] to 70.4-561.4 mg m À3 near a commercial dairy. [16] Being strong gaseous bases and soluble in water, amines undergo acid-base reactions with nitric and sulfuric acid [13,17] to form low-volatility aminium salts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single particle analysis of amines in ambient aerosol in Shanghai

et al. 2012

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Environmental context. Amines, a group of basic organic compounds, play important roles in atmospheric chemistry. We studied their distribution in ambient aerosols at the single particle level, and found that high relative humidity and strong particle acidity can attract more amines from the gas phase to particles. Amines may account for a significant part of organic mass in aerosols in areas with high emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.Abstract. An aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer was deployed in urban Shanghai to analyse amine-containing particles during two separate sampling periods, 1-9 August 2007 and 22-27 December 2009. Amine-containing particles are identified by a mass spectrometric marker at m/z 86 [NCH 2 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 þ ] and classified into six major particle types to explore their possible origins. The number fraction of amine-containing particles in winter was much higher than in summer (23.4 v. 4.4 %), which can be explained by preferred gas-to-particle partitioning of gaseous amines at lower temperatures. Mass spectrometric patterns show the strong acidity of particles collected in December 2009, suggesting the acid-base reaction pathway might also contribute to the high concentration of amine aerosol in winter. Two fog episodes and two after-rain episodes of amine-containing particle bursts were observed in August 2007. Tightly correlated number fractions of sulfate-and amine-containing particles in all these episodes reveal that high relative humidity greatly enhances particulate amine formation based on acid-base reaction and subsequent particle growth. Our observations suggest that amines may account for significant parts of secondary organic mass in heavily polluted areas.

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Comprehensive airborne characterization of aerosol from a major bovine source

Cited by 145 publications

References 117 publications

Inorganic salts interact with oxalic acid in submicron particles to form material with low hygroscopicity and volatility

Inorganic salts interact with oxalic acid in submicron particles to form material with low hygroscopicity and volatility

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Single particle analysis of amines in ambient aerosol in Shanghai

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