Comprehending household cooking energy choice in rural India

Household collection and use of biomass energy sources in South Asia

“…Another study by Ref. [41] finds that the number of educated females between 10 and 50 years of age, average household education indexes, and regular salary, have a positive and significant impact on the probability of using clean cooking fuels.…”

“…The size of the household has a negative and significant impact on the probability of choosing clean cooking fuel [41]. Ref.…”

Biogas: A boon for sustainable energy development in India׳s cold climate

“…Approximately 85-90 per cent of rural households in hilly terrain areas use biomass-based fuels as a primary source of energy for cooking and space heating [4][5][6]. Of the total domestic energy, fuel wood contributed 79-87 per cent, 70% of which was used for cooking [3,7]. The use of firewood and dunk cakes/chips has increased from 75% in 2004-05 to approximately 78% in 2007-08, even in the presence of kerosene and LPG [8].…”

Fuel choices in rural Maharashtra

“…Additionally, several social and demographic factors, including the education and gender of the head of the household, were also found to be important. Other relevant studies for India include Gundimeda and K€ ohlin [24], discussed below, Heltberg et al [25] who study total energy consumption, consisting of wood, dung and crop residues in four Rajasthani villages, K€ ohlin and Amacher [26] who model fuelwood collection in Orissa, World Bank [27] who employ a multinomial logit model to represent household fuel choice for both rural and urban households, Khandker et al [10] who analyze a large national survey for both rural and urban households, and Pandey and Chaubal [28] who analyze rural households from another national survey. Together, these studies tepidly support the 'energy ladder' hypothesis for India.…”