“…The interdependence between two or more hazard drivers, which may not necessarily be extreme events individually, may trigger significant extreme impacts—a phenomenon known as a compound event (Leonard et al, ; Mehran et al, ; Vahedifard et al, ; Wahl et al, ). Compound events (or impacts) may occur as a result of one of the following situations (Field, ): (1) two or more simultaneous or successive extreme events (e.g., simultaneous extreme precipitation and storm surge, Moftakhari et al ()), (2) combinations of extreme events with underlying conditions that amplify the impact (e.g., droughts and heat waves, Mazdiyasni & AghaKouchak, ), or (3) combinations of events that are not themselves extreme but collectively lead to an extreme event or impact (e.g., a moderate coastal flood occurring during above average tide, Moftakhari et al, ).…”