Compound &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Astragalus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Salvia miltiorrhiza&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Extract Suppresses Rabbits' Hypertrophic Scar by Modulating the TGF-β/Smad Signal

Wu, Chao; Jiang, Jialin; Boye, Alex; Jiang, Yufeng; Yang, Yan

doi:10.1159/000365784

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…TGF-β1 binds with TGF-β receptor II and then activates TGF-β receptor I on the cell membrane. Activated TGF-β receptor I phosphorylate receptor-regulated Smads (Smad2 and Smad3), and then the engagement of phosphorylated Smad2/3 with Smad4 allows for translocation into the nucleus and regulation of target gene transcription [29,35]. In this study, we examined the phosphorylation levels of Smad2 and Smad3 to explore the potential underlying mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loureirin A Exerts Antikeloid Activity by Antagonizing the TGF-β1/Smad Signalling Pathway

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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It has been recently shown that loureirin A (LA), a major active component of resina draconis, might be effective in the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. We examined whether LA could inhibit the formation of keloids. To investigate the pharmacological effects of loureirin A on keloid formation and the underlying mechanisms. CellTiter-Blue viability assays were used to examine the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts (KFs) that were treated with LA. Fibroblast migration was evaluated using a cell migration assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the expression of α-SMA in KFs. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, Bax, and Caspase-3, while Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, Bax, Caspase-3, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3. LA inhibited the proliferation of KFs and suppressed the migration and TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation of KFs. In addition, LA downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of Col-I, Col-III, and α-SMA while promoting the mRNA and protein levels of Bax and Caspase-3. Moreover, LA downregulated the protein levels of p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in cultured TGF-β1-treated KFs ex vivo. These results show that LA has an antikeloid effect on KFs by suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway. Our findings suggest that LA may be a potential candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of keloids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loureirin A Exerts Antikeloid Activity by Antagonizing the TGF-β1/Smad Signalling Pathway

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Smad4 belongs to the family of Smad proteins and is a common mediator in the signal transduction processes of the TGF-β family ( 25 ). TGF-β expression can lead to fibroblast proliferation and ECM deposition ( 26 , 27 ). The present findings indicated that the mRNA and protein expression levels of Smad4 were downregulated in the scar-free repair group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of differentially expressed proteins involved in fetal scarless wound healing using a rat model of cleft lip

Liu

et al. 2021

Mol Med Rep

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in early pregnancy, fetal skin wounds can heal quickly and undergo a transition period from scarless healing to scar formation. The aim of the present study was to identify potential biomarkers associated with scarless repair of cleft lips, in order to determine the intrinsic factors leading to scar formation in embryonic tissue. a stable model of cleft lip was established using microsurgery by constructing a wedge-shaped cleft lip-like defect in fetal rats at gestational age (Ga) 16.5 and Ga18.5. The Ga16.5 and Ga18.5 groups were used to model scarless healing and scar formation, respectively. The fetuses were returned to the uterus following surgery, then removed 72 h after the procedure. Macroscopic observation of the cleft defect and histological examination were carried out. reverse transcription-quantitative (rT-q) Pcr and parallel reaction monitoring (PrM) were used to detect mrna and protein expression levels, respectively. The upper-left lip completely healed 72 h after surgery in the Ga16.5 group of fetal rats. However, this was not the case in the Ga18.5 group. Histological examination indicated new follicles visible under the epidermis of the scarless group (Ga16.5). Scarring was visible on the upper-left cleft lip wound of the fetal rats in the Ga18.5 group. The expression of some growth and pro-inflammatory factors, including TnF-α, were also different between two groups. Label-free quantification was used to identified differentially expressed proteins and five differentially expressed proteins (Smad4, Fabp5, S100a4, S100a8 and S100a9) were identified. The relative expression of these molecules at the mrna and protein levels were measured using rT-qPcr and PrM. These molecules may represent potential biomarkers for the scarless repair of fetal rat cleft lip wounds.

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“…Similar findings implicating TGF-β1, smad2 and smad3 in HS formation have been reported by Chen et al ( 45 ). Therefore, blockage of the fibrotic processes mediated by TGF-β1/smad signaling is a potential therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of HS ( 46 – 48 ). In this study, we treated HS in rabbit ear model with different EFD of ESWT and found no significant difference in the expression of TGF-β1, smad2 and smad7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower energy radial shock wave therapy improves characteristics of hypertrophic scar in a rabbit ear model

et al. 2017

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) on scar characteristics and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad signaling in order to explore a potential modality for the treatment of hypertrophic scars (HS). The HS model was generated in rabbit ears, then rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: Lower (L)-ESWT [treated with rESWT with lower energy flux density (EFD) of 0.1 mJ/mm2], higher (H)-ESWT (treated with a higher EFD of 0.18 mJ/mm2) and the sham ESWT group (S-ESWT; no ESWT treatment). Scar characteristics (wrinkles, texture, diameter, area, volume of elevation, hemoglobin and melanin) were assessed using the Antera 3D® system. The protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The Antera 3D® results indicated that wrinkles and hemoglobin of the HS were significantly improved in both of the rESWT groups when compared with the S-ESWT group. However, these changes appeared much earlier in the L-ESWT group than the H-ESWT. Scar texture was also improved in the L-ESWT group. However, rESWT did not influence HS diameter, area, volume of elevation or melanin levels. rESWT had no effect on TGF-β1 or Smad7 expression in either of rESWT groups. Although no difference was observed in Smad2 mRNA expression in the L-ESWT group, the Smad3 mRNA and protein expression significantly decreased when compared with the H-ESWT and S-ESWT groups. By contrast, Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA expression were upregulated in the H-ESWT group. These results demonstrated that rESWT with 0.1 mJ/mm2 EFD improved some characteristics of the HS tissue. Downregulation of Smad3 expression may underlie this inhibitory effect. Inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signal transduction pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for the management of HS.

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Compound <b><i>Astragalus</i></b> and <b><i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i></b> Extract Suppresses Rabbits' Hypertrophic Scar by Modulating the TGF-β/Smad Signal

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Loureirin A Exerts Antikeloid Activity by Antagonizing the TGF-β1/Smad Signalling Pathway

Loureirin A Exerts Antikeloid Activity by Antagonizing the TGF-β1/Smad Signalling Pathway

Identification of differentially expressed proteins involved in fetal scarless wound healing using a rat model of cleft lip

Lower energy radial shock wave therapy improves characteristics of hypertrophic scar in a rabbit ear model

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