Compound K improves skin barrier function by increasing SPINK5 expression

Park, No-June; Bong, Sim-Kyu; Lee, Sullim; Jung, Yujung; Jegal, Hyun; Kim, Jin Chul; Kim, Si-Kwan; Kim, Yong Kee; Kim, Su‐Nam

doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2019.11.006

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Interestingly, the effectiveness against reducing mRNA expression of MMP-1 was more in a synergistic approach by CK and maclurin (a natural compound) compared to individual compounds [ 109 ]. Another study assessed the role of CK in improving skin barrier function by upregulating the expression of serine protease inhibitor Kazal type-5 in atopic dermatitis-like mice and UVB-irradiated mouse model [ 110 ]. In recent research, CK improved imiquimod-induced psoriasis by inhibiting regenerating islet-derived protein 3 (RegIII) gamma expression in the mouse model and IL-36γ-induced Reg3A expression in human keratinocytes ( Table 4 ) [ 111 ].…”

Section: Health-promoting Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Sharma

Lee

2020

Biomolecules

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Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is an herb popular for its medicinal and health properties. Compound K (CK) is a secondary ginsenoside biotransformed from major ginsenosides. Compound K is more bioavailable and soluble than its parent ginsenosides and hence of immense importance. The review summarizes health-promoting in vitro and in vivo studies of CK between 2015 and 2020, including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-aging/skin protective, and others. Clinical trial data are minimal and are primarily based on CK-rich fermented ginseng. Besides, numerous preclinical and clinical studies indicating the pharmacokinetic behavior of CK, its parent compound (Rb1), and processed ginseng extracts are also summarized. With the limited evidence available from animal and clinical studies, it can be stated that CK is safe and well-tolerated. However, lower water solubility, membrane permeability, and efflux significantly diminish the efficacy of CK and restrict its clinical application. We found that the use of nanocarriers and cyclodextrin for CK delivery could overcome these limitations as well as improve the health benefits associated with them. However, these derivatives have not been clinically evaluated, thus requiring a safety assessment for human therapy application. Future studies should be aimed at investigating clinical evidence of CK.

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Section: Health-promoting Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Sharma

Lee

2020

Biomolecules

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“…Similar results have been reported in previous studies. Ultraviolet B irradiation upregulated the expression of SCCE / KLK7 and downregulated the expression of LEKTI / SPINK5 , a potent inhibitor of SCCE, in human epidermal keratinocytes 36‐38 . The oral administration of SC or SCH mitigated the UVA‐induced upregulation of Klk7 mRNA levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral supplementation of sea cucumber and its hydrolysate mitigates ultraviolet A‐induced photoaging in hairless mice

Liu

Lu²,

Kurono³

et al. 2021

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation promotes skin photoaging, which is clinically characterized by dryness, laxity, and wrinkling. Sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) (SC) is a marine organism with culinary and medicinal applications, especially in Asian countries. It is also a potential nutraceutical as it exhibits bioactive effects, such as antioxidant, antitumor, and anticancer activity. This study examined the effects of SC and its hydrolysate (SCH) on ultraviolet A (UVA) induced skin barrier function and wrinkle formation using hairless mice. RESULTS Ultraviolet A significantly induced transepidermal water loss and wrinkle formation, which were significantly mitigated upon oral administration of SC and SCH. Sea cucumber also mitigated the UVA‐induced downregulation of epidermal natural moisturizing factors and the upregulation of Aqp3, Mmp13, Tnfa, and Il6 mRNA levels in the mouse skin. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that dietary SC and SCH exert anti‐photoaging effects by modulating filaggrin synthesis and desquamation in the epidermis and regulating the NF‐κB pathway in the skin. Our research indicates that SC and SCH have potential applications in nutricosmetics for photoaging. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Reportedly, CK modulates the immune responses during pathogenic bacterial and viral infections, which exhibits beneficial effects in infectious diseases (Nguyen & Nguyen, 2019). Recently, a study proved that CK clearly improves skin barrier function in an atopic dermatitis-like model by increasing expression of the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type-5 (Park et al, 2020). A new study verified that CK protects melanocytes against oxidative stress through adjusting redox balance between glutathione and oxidized glutathione, and also alleviates leukoderma in guinea pigs.…”

Section: Other Effects Of Ckmentioning

confidence: 97%

Anticancer properties and pharmaceutical applications of ginsenoside compound K: A review

Zhou

et al. 2021

Chem Biol Drug Des

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Compound K improves skin barrier function by increasing SPINK5 expression

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Oral supplementation of sea cucumber and its hydrolysate mitigates ultraviolet A‐induced photoaging in hairless mice

Anticancer properties and pharmaceutical applications of ginsenoside compound K: A review

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