Compound events and associated impacts in China

Hao, Zengchao

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104689

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In the coastal estuaries, the drought is characterized by the combined effect of the decreased upstream runoff and intensified saltwater intrusion. Recent studies have found that saltwater intrusion usually accompany with hydrological droughts, further amplifying the impacts of hydrological droughts on coastal estuaries (Chen, Zhou, et al, 2019; Chen, Zhu, et al, 2019; Hao, 2022). In estuaries, saltwater intrusion occurs when two different dynamic processes (i.e., upstream river runoff and ocean tides) interact with each other and when seawater containing salt travels upstream with the rising tides within the estuary entrance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other compound extremes, such as concurrent droughts and saltwater intrusion events, require further investigation because they are much more severe than individual extremes. Previous studies show that the occurrence of saltwater intrusion is often accompanied by droughts and that saltwater intrusion leads to worse drought conditions (Bellafiore et al, 2021; Chen, Zhou, et al, 2019; Chen, Zhu, et al, 2019; Hao, 2022). For instance, Hao (2022) found that the water shortages issues in the cities were induced by the compound droughts‐saltwater intrusion events which may worsen under rising sea level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies show that the occurrence of saltwater intrusion is often accompanied by droughts and that saltwater intrusion leads to worse drought conditions (Bellafiore et al, 2021; Chen, Zhou, et al, 2019; Chen, Zhu, et al, 2019; Hao, 2022). For instance, Hao (2022) found that the water shortages issues in the cities were induced by the compound droughts‐saltwater intrusion events which may worsen under rising sea level. So far, researchers have evaluated different properties of hydrological drought (Shukla & Wood, 2008; Tijdeman et al, 2020) and saltwater intrusion separately (Conrads & Darby, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the simultaneous occurrence of hydrological drought and saltwater intrusion during the summer of 2006 in the Yangtze River estuary induced severe water shortage within the region. With the intensification of extreme events under climate change, concurrent drought and saltwater intrusion may be amplified under rising sea levels in the future (Chen, Zhou, et al, 2019;Chen, Zhu, et al, 2019;Hao, 2022). The estuaries suffered from the combined effects of reduced upstream runoff and intensified saltwater intrusion, causing disasters that are drawing increasing attention from governments (Jones & van Vliet, 2018;Liu, Cheng, et al, 2018;Liu, Peng, et al, 2018;Wen et al, 2021Wen et al, , 2022.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of changes in severity of compound drought and saltwater intrusion events based on a multi‐index approach in Pearl River estuary

Li,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Global warming alters the inherent variability of climate variables and induces more frequent extremes of hydroclimatic compound events with substantial impacts. The concurrence of hydrological drought and saltwater intrusion in the estuary can have devastating effects on agricultural production, water security, and ecological health. In this study, the compound drought and saltwater intrusion extreme indices, including the Blend Drought and Saltwater intrusion Index (BDSI), the Compound drought and Saltwater intrusion Index (CDSI) and the Standardized Drought and Saltwater intrusion Index (SDSI), were constructed to monitor compound extremes in the critical zone of Pearl River Estuary during the dry season from 1999 to 2016. The results reveal that the three compound indices can effectively depict different aspects of compound drought and saltwater intrusion extreme events in the critical zone of Pearl River Estuary. Among the three indices, the SDSI performed best in depicting compound drought‐saltwater intrusion events, while the BDSI outperformed the other indices in depicting high value of Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) and Standardized Saltwater intrusion Index (SSI), and the CDSI outperformed the other indices in depicting low values of SRI and SSI. Using those developed compound indices, we found that the frequency of abnormal and moderate compound drought‐saltwater intrusion events increased from 9.26% to 12.03% during the period of 1999–2016, while severe, extreme and exceptional compound drought‐saltwater intrusion events were rare.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of changes in severity of compound drought and saltwater intrusion events based on a multi‐index approach in Pearl River estuary

Li,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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“…Particularly, Eastern China, controlled by the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), has been usually suffered from several climate extremes, including heat wave (Y. Chen & Zhai, 2017; D. Huang et al., 2009; Lu & Chen, 2016), precipitation extremes (Tang et al., 2021), drought (Dai, 2013; Gong et al., 2022) and etc. In fact, recent studies have focused on the variations in the CWDE frequency over China, indicating the significant increases, particularly over northern part of China (Hao, 2022; X. Wu et al., 2019). Recently, such severe extremes have attacked eastern China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Variation of Compound Warm Dry Extremes Over Eastern China and the Associated East Asian Subtropical Jet in the Boreal Summer

Huang,

Zheng,

Xiao

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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The compound warm dry extremes (CWDEs), which can lead to extreme impacts that are much larger than the sum of the impacts due to the occurrence of individual extremes alone, have frequently hit the land regions. In this study, the spatial‐temporal variations of the frequency, warm, and dry intensity of the CWDEs over eastern China and the associated East Asian subtropical jet variations have been investigated. The results show that the first two leading CWDE frequency modes over eastern China are characterized by an increase pattern and a dipole pattern. The increases in the CWDE frequency may be accompanied by both the strong warm and dry in the northern part of China. Whereas, these may be mainly related to the strong warmth in the southern part of China. The dominant increase pattern is associated with the weakened land‐branch East Asian subtropical jet, which is maintained by the negative phase of the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation, the warming over high‐latitudes of the Atlantic Ocean and the positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation. The dipole pattern is related to the southward shift of the ocean‐branch East Asian subtropical jet, which is sustained by the warming in central equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans, as well as the negative phase of North Atlantic Oscillation and the Pacific‐Japan teleconnection. The relative contribution analysis has confirmed the importance of the jet variations to the CWDEs. These results would be helpful for understanding the drivers of the CWDEs.

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Climate change and La Niña increase the likelihood of the ‘7·20’ extraordinary typhoon‐rainstorm in Zhengzhou, China

Wang,

Yuan

2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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On 20 July, 2021, an extraordinary rainstorm occurred in Zhengzhou in Central‐North China, which caused hundreds of deaths and serious property damages, and affected 14 million people. The compound anomalous atmospheric circulations were found to be responsible for the occurrence of the extraordinary rainstorm in Zhengzhou, but the influence of large‐scale sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) and the contribution of climate change received less attention. This study conducts an attribution analysis based on atmospheric reanalysis and sea surface temperature (SST) observation data combined with Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) model simulation data. The results show that the return period for the extraordinary rainstorm was 250 years, which was caused by the interaction between the abnormally northerly shift of Western North Pacific Subtropical High (WNPSH) that was associated with the negative SSTA over the tropical central‐eastern Pacific (i.e., a moderate La Niña condition) and Typhoon In‐fa and Typhoon Cempaka. A persistent convergence was formed over Zhengzhou by transporting a large amount of water vapour to hinterland. The lagged response of La Niña affected WNPSH and the rainband in China. The attribution analysis shows that climate change due to anthropogenic forcings such as greenhouse gas emissions increased the risk of such a rainstorm event by 12% compared to the conditions under the natural forcings. Under the combined effects of anthropogenic forcings and La Niña, the risk of occurrence increased 47% compared to the effect of natural forcings only on similar precipitation events. This study suggests a synergistic effect of climate change and large‐scale tropical climate variability on compound extremes.

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Compound events and associated impacts in China

Cited by 31 publications

References 77 publications

Assessment of changes in severity of compound drought and saltwater intrusion events based on a multi‐index approach in Pearl River estuary

Assessment of changes in severity of compound drought and saltwater intrusion events based on a multi‐index approach in Pearl River estuary

The Variation of Compound Warm Dry Extremes Over Eastern China and the Associated East Asian Subtropical Jet in the Boreal Summer

Climate change and La Niña increase the likelihood of the ‘7·20’ extraordinary typhoon‐rainstorm in Zhengzhou, China

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