Compound class oil fingerprinting techniques using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC)

Features for non-targeted cross-sample analysis with comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography

“…Betancourt et al [92] used spider diagrams to visualize features for nine large compoundbased regions and subdivisions of those regions split by retention indices. Ventura et al [93] extended the approach to twelve regions. Vaz-Freire et al [50] divided chromatograms from olive oil samples into twelve rectangular regions, then performed ANOVA and PCA with the regional features.…”

La cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas como herramienta de alta selectividad para caracterizar fósiles químicos en el petróleo

“…Para demostrar el excelente desempeño de la cromatografía completa en este tipo de situaciones, Ventura y colaboradores [24] realizaron el análi-sis GC × GC-MS/TOF de 4 muestras de crudo. Dos muestras se tomaron del mismo pozo, a la misma profundidad, y las otras 2, se recogieron en 2 pozos diferentes, interconectados por una frontera sedimentaria porosa.…”

Analysis of petroleum compositional similarity using multiway principal components analysis (MPCA) with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic data

“…One potential method for overcoming this problem is to employ classification techniques for the binning of GC × GC data (i.e. [23,24]). Classifications can be configured to group analytes of similar compound classes across specific retention index ranges [24].…”

“…[23,24]). Classifications can be configured to group analytes of similar compound classes across specific retention index ranges [24]. Such classification is difficult with traditional gas chromatography because compounds from different classes can have very similar retention times.…”

“…The second pair, labelled PER-1 and PER-2, was collected within two different wells at a depth that was intersected by a potentially permeable sedimentary layer vertically offset by 658 feet. The chemical relatedness of these two sample pairs was previously assessed with different GC × GC fingerprinting techniques by Ventura et al [24] that utilized compound classes and retention index ranges to group analytes for comparative analyses. Two additional crude oil samples were also analysed.…”