Composting Time Reduction of Agro-Industrial Wastes

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The agro-industrialization of animal products has led to a significant waste generation, which has been stabilized by composting process in specialized plants. Waste stabilization time on composting depends on the handling used. 12 treatments were performed, three frequency turnings combined with two environmental conditions (with and without coverage of the composting area) and with and without commercial inoculant, whose results were submitted to multiple regression analysis. Windrows turned twice a week in the first month had adequate temperature control and stabilization time of 83.5 and 95.5 days for uncovered and covered windrows, respectively. Uncovered windrows have accelerated the process in 10 days on average, with the disadvantage of increasing nutrient losses. The weekly inoculation of Bacillus (subtilis, licheniformis and polymyxa) and Yarrowia lipolytica had no significant effect (p≥0.05).

Bioconversion of Egypt's Agricultural Wastes into Biogas and Compost

“…Afterward the compost is ready to be spread or bagged and marketed [56]. Experimental results showed that a mixture consisting of 60% cattle manure and 40% green waste allowed for the highest process temperature and organic material decomposition [55] producing compost of up to 55% from the initial substrate [71]. A study was conducted to assess compost production on a large commercial scale using three different AWs such as date trees, olive trees, and maize mixed with sheep manure.…”

Composting Process in the Production of Lettuce Seedling Substrates: Effect of Covering and Turning Frequency

“…The use of agro-industrial residues from a broiler production chain (BPC) based on biological stabilization processes presents advantages from an environmental and economic point of view because it promotes the stabilization of environmental problems (Costa et al, 2009) and allows its commercialization as an agricultural input. The stabilization of these organic residues through the composting process has been reported both in the national (Costa et al, 2016;Bernardi et al, 2018) and international literature (Costa et al, 2017;Chiarelotto et al, 2019).…”

“…During the composting process, certain management strategies can directly affect the characteristics of the organic compost, favoring its use as a substrate for seedling production. The degradation of waste during the composting process is affected by the number of turns (Costa et al, 2016), resulting in the release of carbon, primarily in the form of CO2, and nitrogen, in the form of ammonia, into the atmosphere (Bernal et al, 2009). This causes the concentrations of other nonvolatile elements such as phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) to increase.…”

“…This phenomenon occurs due to the mineralization and subsequent loss of organic fractions (Vico et al, 2018), which can result in an increase in EC in the final compound. However, the characteristics of the composting yard (presence or not of patio cover), consequently, bring changes in the chemical characteristics of the final compost (Carneiro et al, 2013), including the EC but not in the pH (Costa et al, 2016).…”

Combining pre-treatment strategies for broilers industry waste valorization

“…Solid wastes from the broiler industry include those generated during the hatching and grow out phases (bedding materials, hatchery wastes and feed factory waste) and those generated during slaughter and meat processing (floatation sludge and sausage casings). In Brazil, composting represents the main biological process used in the stabilization of such materials (Carneiro et al., 2013; Costa et al., 2016, 2017).…”