Compost in the 20th Century: A Tool to Control Plant Diseases in Nursery and Vegetable Crops

Zinati, Gladis M.

doi:10.21273/horttech.15.1.0061

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, chemical fertilizers have been linked to an increase in the proportion of fungi that are pathogenic to plants (Cwalina-Ambroziak et al, 2010;Paungfoo-Lonhienne et al, 2015). In contrast, the application of organic matter can suppress pathogenic fungal growth, and enhances the growth of fungi that antagonize these pathogenic species (Hoitink and Fahy, 1986;Gamliel and Stapleton, 1993;Bulluck et al, 2002;Zinati, 2005;Bo_ zena Cwalina-Ambroziak, 2009;Cwalina-Ambroziak et al, 2010;Mokhtar and El-Mougy, 2014;Saxena et al, 2015). For example, Cwalina-Ambroziak and Bowszys (2009) found that the aqueous extracts from compost inhibited mycelium growth in pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum coccodes, and those of the genus Fusarium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal community composition in soils subjected to long‐term chemical fertilization is most influenced by the type of organic matter

Sun

Dsouza

Gilbert

et al. 2016

Environmental Microbiology

207

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic matter application is a widely used practice to increase soil carbon content and maintain soil fertility. However, little is known about the effect of different types of organic matter, or the input of exogenous species from these materials, on soil fungal communities. In this study, fungal community composition was characterized from soils amended with three types of organic matter over a 30-year fertilization experiment. Chemical fertilization significantly changed soil fungal community composition and structure, which was exacerbated by the addition of organic matter, with the direction of change influenced by the type of organic matter used. The addition of organic matter significantly increased soil fungal richness, with the greatest richness achieved in soils amended with pig manure. Importantly, following addition of cow and pig manure, fungal taxa associated with these materials could be found in the soil, suggesting that these exogenous species can augment soil fungal composition. Moreover, the addition of organic matter decreased the relative abundance of potential pathogenic fungi. Overall, these results indicate that organic matter addition influences the composition and structure of soil fungal communities in predictable ways.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal community composition in soils subjected to long‐term chemical fertilization is most influenced by the type of organic matter

Sun

Dsouza

Gilbert

et al. 2016

Environmental Microbiology

207

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Addition of organic matter to soil reduces erosion (5,6), improves soil structure, and reduces plant diseases (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Organic matter addition is especially important in dry regions where soil organic matter is often low and water retention capacity is poor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Micropollutant Degradation in Sewage Sludge during Composting under Thermophilic Conditions

Poulsen

Bester

2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Degradation of 12 common organic micropollutants in sewage sludge representing bactericides, flame retardants, fragrances, vulcanizers, and plasticizers (part of many common products) during thermophilic composting was investigated. Micropollutant concentrations, compost temperature, water content, and organic matter content were measured over 24 days in a full-scale compost windrow made from digested sewage sludge, yard waste, and horse manure. Composting took place indoors, and the windrow was turned several times during the experimental period. Concentrations of all 12 micropollutants decreased during composting, and degradation was statistically significant for 7 of the 12 micropollutants. Metabolites (galaxolidone and methyl-triclosan) were produced from two micropollutants (galaxolide and triclosan) during composting, indicating microbial degradation. Pollutant concentrations early in the experiment were more variable than those experienced for the chemical method development. This was likely due to compost heterogeneity. After the second compost turning, concentrations became more stable as compost became more homogeneous.

show abstract

“…However, there are relatively few ‘organic’ insecticides that provide an efficient CPB suppression treatment in organic agriculture. Additionally, many organic farmers already use and make compost teas, and these methods often employ plant material for pest management purposes (Zinati, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant extract contact toxicities to various developmental stages of Colorado potato beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Gökçe

Whalon

Çam

et al. 2006

Annals of Applied Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The contact toxicities of methanol extracts from the nine plant species Hedera helix, Artemisia vulgaris, Xanthium strumarium, Humulus lupulus, Sambucus nigra, Chenopodium album, Salvia officinalis, Lolium temulentum and Verbascum songaricum were tested on the developmental stages of Colorado potato beetle (CPB) (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). About 2 mL of plant extract, 40% (w/w), was applied to the first instar to fourth instar larvae and adult beetles using a Potter spray tower. Most of the tested plant extracts caused relatively low mortality in all the beetle instars. Among the plant extracts, H. lupulus extract was the most toxic to all stages of the insect, except for the adult beetles. Larval mortality ranged from 40% in the fourth instars to 84% in the third instars. In a second series of experiments, dose-response bioassays using H. lupulus extract produced lethal concentration 50 (LC 50 ) values ranging from 10%, 12%, 17% to 46% (w/w) active ingredient (plant material) for instars 1-4, respectively. This increasing mortality trend, however, did not extend to the adult stage where even the maximum dose of 40% plant material did not provide sufficient mortality to allow estimation of a LC 50 . These results demonstrated that the extract from H. lupulus has potential as an active ingredient in biological pesticides developed to manage larval instars of the CPB. The potential uses of this plant extract may be in conventional and organic pest management or as part of a mixture of plant extracts or conventional insecticides. Before extracts can be considered as biological control agents, their impact on natural enemies should be assessed.

show abstract

Compost in the 20th Century: A Tool to Control Plant Diseases in Nursery and Vegetable Crops

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Fungal community composition in soils subjected to long‐term chemical fertilization is most influenced by the type of organic matter

Fungal community composition in soils subjected to long‐term chemical fertilization is most influenced by the type of organic matter

Organic Micropollutant Degradation in Sewage Sludge during Composting under Thermophilic Conditions

Plant extract contact toxicities to various developmental stages of Colorado potato beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About